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1、点亮作文技巧-,同位语 appositive,教学目标,Teaching importance: 重点 1.Learn to distinguish the appositive in a sentence. 学会识别同位语 2.Learn to write simple appositive and appositive clauses in a writing.学会写简单的同位语及同位语从句 Teaching difficulty: 难点 3.Learn how to distinguish appositive clauses and attributive clauses.区别同位语从
2、句和定语从句,什么是同位语啊？,“同位语同位语”就是同等位置的语言呗!,什么和什么是同等位置呢？,。,同位语是对前面名词或代词的 进一步解释，说明名词的 具体内容。 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。,同位语的表现形式有以下几种： (1) 名词 Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. (2) 代词 I myself will do the experiment. (3) 数词 She is the oldest among them six. (4) 从句 He told me the news that the plane had exploded.
3、 他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。,(5) 由such as, that is引导 Some subjects, such as maths and physics, are very difficult to learn. (6) 由of引导 The city of Beijing has been greatly changed since 2000. (7) 由or引导 The freezing temperature, or freezing point, is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure. 结冰
4、温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。,Try to find appositive of the following sentences.试找出下列句中的同位语,I live in Shi Jiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing. He was born in a village in Austria, the son of a peasant. Qi Baishi, one of Chinas greatest painters, followed the traditional Chinese style of painting. To everyo
5、nes surprise, Ang Lee, director of a number of excellent films, has made a martial arts film called Crouching Tiger,Hidden Dragon.,Book I, M1,P2,Book II, M3,P22,Book II, M4,P33,Book II, M6,P52,Try to combine two sentences into one. 将两句话合并成一句。,I am Li Hua studying in a senior high school. I am a sixt
6、een-year-old girl. 2. Pingyao was listed one of the world cultural heritages in 1997. Pingyao is an ancient city.,I am Li Hua, a sixteen-year-old girl studying in a senior high school. 2. Pingyao, an ancient city, was listed one of the world cultural heritages in 1997.,Summary 总结： 1.找两句话中指代同一人或物的名词或
7、代词 2.确定其中一句为句子主干 3.将另一句中描述名词或代词的短语插入到句子主干的名词或代词后，且用逗号与句子主干隔开。,1.同位语从句: 若句子充当同位语，则将其称为同位语从句。 2.功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释， 说明名词的具体内容。 3.用法: 常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason thought/order/ doubt/news/hope truth/belief 4.连词 that/whether/who/ which what/when/where/why/how,1.连接词that引导的同位语从句,that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.,He tol
8、d me the news that he would come home from abroad soon.,他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国.,There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.,1.The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable. 2.The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.,3. The news that he has been elected pre
9、sident of the United States is true. 4. The truth that heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to all. 5. The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.,练习,1.Two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet./The fact worries their parents and
10、 teachers a lot. 2. The Queen of England was on a four-day visit in China./We heard the news last night. 3. Teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online. /Many Chinese parents hold the view. 4. Time travel is possible./We have no scientific proof for the idea. 5. Students should be given more free
11、time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people.,把下面两个句子连成一个含 同位语从句的复合句。,只用whether引导,不用if.,它是否正确的问题还未被证实.,The problem _ it is right hasnt been proved.,2.连接词whether引导的同位语从句,whether,3连接词代词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句,1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定. 2.我不知道该选哪个.,1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.,2. I
12、 have no idea _ one I should choose.,which,who,(定语),(主),在从句中充当成分,4.连接词副词when/where/why/how 引导的同位语从句,1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早. 2. 我们还没决定好去哪儿.,1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early. 2.The question _ we should go has not been decided.,why,where,1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next yea
13、r. 2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.,（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）,定语从句,宾语,同位语从句,(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）,同位语从句与定语从句 的区别,1. 同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子, 谓语动词用be的不同形式。 He heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以变为一个表语从句: The news was that their team had won.,2. 引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。 The news
14、that he has been elected monitor of our class is true. The news (that) he told me is exciting.,that,名词性,形容词性,只连接主句和从 句,在从句中不充 当成分,代替先行词, 在从句中充当成 分,1.The news that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. 2.The news that you heard is not true. 3.Have you any idea who he went with? 4.Is ther
15、e any hope that they will be home in time? 5.The problem that you referred to doesnt exist at all. 8. The fact that we talked about is very important. 9. There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,说出下面句子是同位语从句还是定语从句,引导同位语从句的引导词有 连
16、 接 词 that/whether 连接代词 who/ whom/which/what/ 连接副词 when/where/why/how 引导定语从句的引导词有 连接代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 连接副词：when, where, why,We were excited at the news. Our football team had won a third match They have made a new plan. Another experiment building will be put up beside the library. They had the question. Could he pass the final exam? Who did the damaged c
