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1、Chinas Financial Sector: Basic Form and Reform,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,3,Content,概述 Overview 金融决策体系的基本框架 Decision Making System 货币政策制定机构 Monetary Policy Agency 政策性银行 Policy Bank 商业银行 Commercial Bank 中国证券市场 Chinas Securities Market WTO与中国金融业 WTO and Chinas Financial Sector,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,5,金融决策体系的基本框架 D
2、ecision Making System of Chinas Financial Sector,中国人民银行 Peoples bank of China 财政部 Ministry of finance 国家发展改革委员会 National development and reform commission 商务部 Ministry of commerce 中国银行业监督管理委员会 China banking regulatory commission 中国证券监督管理委员会 China securities regulatory commission 中国保险监督管理委员会 China in
3、surance regulatory commission,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,6,政策性银行-国家开发银行 Policy Bank-National Development Bank,主要职能：向政府经济发展计划和产业政策支持的重点项目提供长期融资，以支持和促进经济发展。项目例如：三峡工程、西气东送等 Function: Providing long-term financing support for key projects promoted by government economic plan, e.g. three gorges, gas transfer, etc
4、. 变化：正力图从一个政策性银行向开发性金融机构发展 Change underway: from policy bank to financial institution promoting development,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,7,政策性银行-中国进出口银行Policy Bank-China Import & Export Bank,政府全资拥有的国家出口信用机构 The institution fully owned by government, Providing export credit, 主要服务对象：Areas of services 机电产品和高新技术产品
5、的出口 Export of machinery, electronic and high tech products 推动具有“比较优势”的企业对外发展 Assisting enterprises with comparative advantage to develop on international market. 筹融资特点：Main features in investment and financing 营运资金主要来源于向境内发行人民币金融债券 Main financing source being domestically issued financial bond,中国金融改
6、革进程概述及基本制度简介,8,政策性银行-中国农业发展银行Policy Bank-Agricultural Development Bank,国有农业政策性银行 State-owned, policy bank for agriculture 运营资金目前主要用于粮棉油收购等流动资金贷款 Mainly to provide current fund for procurement of grain, cotton, oil, etc 资金来源主要是中国人民银行的再贷款 Source of funding: Re-loan from Peoples Bank of China,中国金融改革进程概
7、述及基本制度简介,9,商业银行,主体是四家国有商业银行 four national banks 中国工商银行 China Industrial and Commercial Bank 中国农业银行 China Agriculture Bank 中国银行 Bank of China 中国建设银行 China Construction Bank,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,10,中国银行业改革的几个阶段Chinas Banking System Reform by Phases,19841994，银行专业化改革:形成各司其职的二元化银行体系 Specialization reform: d
8、ual function with division of responsibility among banks 19942003，国有独资商业银行改革 1994，政策性金融与商业性金融分离 1997，受亚洲金融危机启示，成立四家资产管理公司，接收并处置商业银行不良贷款；发行特别国债补充商业银行资本金，等等 Reform of State-owned commercial banks 1994,Separation of policy financing and commercial financing 1997, with lessons from Asian financial crisi
9、s, formed 4 capital asset management corporation to deal with bad loan in commercial banks, to issue special national bond to supplement capital asset of commercial banks, etc. 2004年至今，商业银行实行国家控股的股份制改革 2004, State dominated share holding system reform in commercial bank.,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,11,国有商业银行股
10、份制改革Development of Share-holding System in State Owned Commercial Banks,目的：从根本上改革国有商业银行体制，补充资本金，改善公司治理 Purpose: radically restructure state-owned commercial bank system, increase capital asset and improve corporate governance 形式：选择境内外战略投资者，改变单一股权结构，实现投资主体多元化，但保持国家控股 Form: Attract strategic investors
11、 both domestically and internationally and diversify ownership structure, but maintain dominance of state share. 步骤：财务重组公司治理改革资本市场上市 Steps: Financial restructuring-corporate governance reform-go public in stock market,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,12,股份制改革进展情况Progress in recent share holding system reform,中国银行和
12、中国建设银行已在2004年完成股份公司的设立，目前正作配套改革，下一步目标是到境内外资本市场上市 By 2004, Bank of China and the Construction Bank established their joint-stock companies. Currently, systematic reform is underway and the next step is to go public on international stock market. 中国工商银行和中国农业银行已启动综合改革，目标是提高资产质量和经营效益，建立现代金融企业制度 Comprehe
13、nsive reform has been initialized at the Industrial and Commercial Bank, and the Agriculture Bank, with the aims of enhancing capital quality and operational performance, and establishing modern financial corporate system,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,13,中国证券市场Securities Market in China,迄今为止只有15年历史，发展非常迅速，已拥有上市
14、公司1300多家 Only 15 years of history, rapidly grow into a market with 1300 public companies. 具有明显的新兴市场和转轨市场特征 Possessing the characteristics of an emerging and transitional market 持续4年的下跌，对投资者信心带来严重考验，但不乏代表中国经济增长的蓝筹公司 With 4 years of depression, investors confidence was hit heavily. Nevertheless, many
15、blue-chip companies remain. 目前正在进行被称为股市革命的股权分置改革，旨在让部分不可流通的股份具有流通权 Ongoing a reform, aiming at liberalizing trade of formerly non-tradable stock.,证券市场主要机构投资人,其他机构投资者 境外合格机构投资者 商业银行 信托公司、财务公司企业年金 社保基金 保险公司Mutual Fund Insurance Company Social Insurance Foundation Trust Company and Financial Company An
16、nuity Commercial Bank Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor Other Institutional Investor 证券投资基金,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,14,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,15,中国证券市场的监督管理Monitoring and Management of Securities Market in China,中国证监会 China Securities Regulatory Commission 证券交易所 Stock Exchange 证券业协会 Stock Business Association,中国金融改革进程概述及基本制度简介,16,目前证券市场面临的问题Remaining Issues,提高上市公司规范化运作程度 Standardization of Operation of Corporations on Stock Market 加强证券公司的综合治理 Strengthening Integrated Management of Securities
