《初中英语语法之--被动语态课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语语法之--被动语态课件（66页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、被动语态,Passive voice,语态：英语的语态是动词的一种形式， 用来表示_和_之间的关系。 英语有两种语态,即_和_。,主动语态：表示主语是动作的_。被动语态：表示主语是动作的_。 如： Many students study English.(_) English is studied by many students. (_),语态,主动语态,被动语态,执行者,承受者,主语,谓语动词,主动语态,被动语态,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去
2、y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,一. 被动语态的构成 _ 助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动 语态的形式。助动词_有_、_和_的变化， 其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 一般现在时的被动语态: _+动词的过去分词,如：The desk _made of wood. The desks _made of wood. H
3、e_ asked a question by the teacher.,is,are,was,be,人称,数,时态,主语+be+v-ed（及物）+ （by+动作执行者）,am/is/are,1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.,are,3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态.,4. 修改谓语的形式 -即原句动词改为过去分词,5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 宾语（原主语）.,by them,主变被解题步骤,主变宾,宾变主, 谓动be done 时不变,人称、数、格随着变,m
4、ade,in that factory,by many students.,1. Many students study English.,English,is studied,2. They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,二. 主动语态变为被动语态的步骤,1.把主动语态的_变为被动语态的_。 如主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由_变为_。 2.把主动语态的谓语变为_语态的谓语。 _ 3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的_短语。 by短语可以省。 by短语后跟代词的_格。,by the teach
5、er.,3.The teacher often asks him questions.,He,is asked,questions,主动语态变为被动语态的步骤,宾语,主语,宾格,主格,被动,be+过去分词,by,宾,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is
6、 done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,Practice,三. 被动语态的句式变化 肯定句：_ 否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 特殊疑问句： _,by many students.,English,is studied,by many students.,English_,is not studied,_English _by many students?,_ _English _by?,主语be + 过去分词(by ),
7、主语be not 过去分词(by ),Be 主语过去分词(by )?,疑问词be主语过去分词 (by ),Is,studied,Who is,studied,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,Practice,五、各种时态的被动语态 1一般现在时 结构：主语_+ 过去分词 (主) ：She cleans he
8、r room every day. (被) (肯) ：_ 否定句：_ 一般疑问句： _ 注意： 被动句的be动词的变化应按被动句中新主语的人称和数而变化，其时态应与主动句的时态一致,am / is / are,Her room is cleaned (by her) every day.,Her room isnt cleaned (by her) every day.,Is her room cleaned (by her) every day?,_1. They bought ten computers last term,by them last term.,2.一般过去时的被动语态结构
9、：,was/were +过去分词,last year.,2.We planted many trees last year.,Many trees,were planted,Ten computers,were bought,They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built
10、by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,Practice,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom will clean the room
11、tomorrow.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,will be+过去分词,We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in
12、the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,Practice,4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：, 1.Amy can take good care of Gina ,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,否定句：主语情态动词not + be + 过去分词 疑问
13、句：情态动词（Can , May , Must ）主语 be过去分词.,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned
14、well by them.,Practice,5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构,1.Some workers are painting the rooms now,by some workers now.,The rooms,are being painted,2. He is watching TV.,TV,is being watched,by him.,is / am / are + being 过去分词,6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,1.We have made twenty more keys,by us.,Twenty more keys,have been made,2.We have finished our compositions.,Our compositions,have been finished,by us.,have / has been 过去分词,am/is/are done,was/were done,am/is/are being done,was/were being done,shall/will/be going to be done,would be done,have/
