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1、单项填空中句法考点解析(讲稿之二),单项填空虽然在高考试卷中分值不高,但 语法是完型填空、阅读理解和写作的基础,考 生应给予单项填空足够的重视。 单项填空考查的重点是动词(时态语态、 非谓语动词、情态动词等)和句法(定语从 句、状语从句、名词性从句等)。 其它语法知识,如代词、介词、冠词等要 靠平时的积累。,简单句的主要考点是:反意疑问句,感 叹句、祈使句等。 并列句的考点是:并列连词。考生尤其 要注意并列句的特殊句式:祈使句 + 并列连 词 + 单句。,一、简单句和并列句,例1. Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advert
2、ising on TV is illegal, _? A. isnt itB. is it C. isnt heD. is he,例2. When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _? A. do youB. dont you C. will youD. wont you,3. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, _? A. is heB. isnt he C. must heD. mustnt he (2009年
3、陕西卷),例4. Its the first time that he has been to Australia, _? A. isnt heB. hasnt he C. isnt itD. hasnt it (2009年辽宁卷),例5. _ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting,例6. _ warmly its cold out. A. Dr
4、essB. To dress C. DressedD. Dressing,7. Please do me a favor _ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight. A. to inviteB. inviting C. inviteD. invited (2009年湖南卷),例8. John plays basketball well, _ his favorite sport is badminton. A. soB. or C. yetD. for (2009年北京卷),9. I wonder how much you c
5、harge for your services? The first two are free _ the third costs $30. A. whileB. until C. whenD. before (2009年安徽卷),例10. I thought wed be late for the concert, _ we ended up getting there ahead of time. A. butB. or C. soD. for,例11. Stand over there _ youll be able to see it better. A. orB. while C.
6、butD. and,二、定语从句,定语从句的考点是“关系代词和关系副词”。 近年来,定语从句的考点经常是“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句。 另外,as、 which 引导的特殊的定语从句 也是经常的考点。,例1. He knows a wood _ you can find wild strawberries. A. whichB. that C. whenD. where,例2. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway village. A. untilB. that
7、 C. whenD. what,例3. Do you think the reason _ he gave is believable? A. for whichB. which C. whatD. why,例4. What do you think of teaching, Bob? I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. whereB. which C. whenD. that (2009年北京卷),例5. Ill give you my
8、 friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. A. whichB. when C. whomD. where,例6. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for whichB. at which C. in whichD. on which,例7. The paper _ the spy is risking his life is an important report on nuclear a
9、rms. A. after whichB. for which C. with whichD. at which,例8. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. A. after whichB. after that C. in whichD. in that,例9. I tried to get out of the business, _ I found impossible. A. whichB. what C. thatD. who,例10. _ is often the
10、 case, we have worked out the production plan. A. WhichB. When C. WhatD. As,三、状语从句,状语从句的考点是从属连词。考生应该 掌握尽可能多的从属连词。例如:unless, as, while, before, the moment, as long as, even if, as if, in case 等等。 另外,地点状语从句也是经常的考点。,例1. I wont call you, _ something unexpected happens. A. unlessB. whether C. becauseD. w
11、hile,例2. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. A. as ifB. now that C. even thoughD. so that,例3. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. A. beforeB. since C. tillD. after,例4. You may use the room as you like _ you clea
12、n it up afterwards. A. so far asB. so long as C. in caseD. even if (2009年北京卷),例5. The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _ the season. A. whateverB. wherever C. wheneverD. however,例6. _ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. IfB. Whil
13、e C. BecauseD. As,例7. When did he leave the classroom? He left _ you turned back to write on the blackboard. A. the minuteB. the time C. untilD. before,例8. That was really a splendid evening. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. whenB. that C. beforeD. since,例9. _ or not we had a baby, we couldn
14、t survive only on my salary. A. AsB. Even C. HoweverD. Whether,例10. If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in whichB. what C. whenD. where,例11. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again. A. whenB. where C. thanD. th
15、ere,四、名词性从句,考查名词性从句时,经常从以下四个方面 设计考点: 1)保持陈述语序; 2)that、what 在名词性从句中的区别; 3)引导某些名词性从句连词的固定用法; 4)根据上下文语境选择连词(难点所在)。,例1. Can you tell me _ to join the army? A. how does a person have to be old B. how old does a person have to be C. how old a person has to be D. how a person has to be old,例2. I cant remember _ you started doing the work. A. that it was when B. when it was that C. when was it that D. that was it when,例3. Sometimes we are asked _ we think the likely result of an action will be. A. thatB. wh