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1、第十二章 经营管理,Chapter 12 Business Management,第九章 经营管理（Business Management),Management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims. The three points of being an interpreter relevant to business managemen
2、t:(1)Background knowledge on business management (2)Bear in mind the business terms as many as possible (3)Cross-cultural awareness.,Vocabulary Work,Cross-functional teams:跨部门小组 Informal networks:非正式网络 Day-to-day operations:日常经营 Classic hierarchies:等级制管理 Technology-driven industries:技术驱动产业 Innovatio
3、n-driven companies：创新驱动型产业 Benchmarks:基准 Self-controlling systems:自我控制系统 Organization structure：组织结构 Linear，functional structures：线性的职能性结构 The gross profit margin:总的毛利率,Vocabulary Work,A market-driven way:市场驱动方式 Technology gap:技术差距 Points of differentiation:分化点 施政报告：Policy Address 民意调查：public opinio
4、n polls 改善民生：improve peoples livelihood 修订上市原则：amend the listing rules 建立共识：reach a consensus 电子政府服务：e-Government services,Vocabulary Work,商品期货市场：commodity futures market 境外投资业务：investment business overseas 简化程序：streamline procedures 市场份额：market share 在联想的旗下：under the Lenovo flag 职业发展：professional d
5、evelopment 三个阶段的规划：three-phase plan 赞助商：sponsor,Sight Interpretation （1）,Home Depot Inc.:家得宝 Homeownership:私房业主 Boost the stock：推动股票上涨 Outlet:经销店 建议：掌握经济中常用词汇,Sight Interpretation （2）,品牌价值：Brand Value 借助星巴克的光环：piggyback on the Starbucks aura sponsor 文化之门：cultural portal,Sentences in Focus (E-C),Exte
6、rnal environment:外在因素 Group objectives：集体目标 Digital know-how:数字技术 Lateral management techniques:横向管理方法 Standardized widget:生产标准化 Social capital：社会资本 Patent rates：专利率 Formal structure：正规结构 建议：经营管理学中的专业词汇应着重记忆。,Sentences in Focus (C-E),企业目标：goals of the enterprise 个人目标：goals of individuals 信息沟通渠道：comm
7、unication channels 正式组织：formal organization 人才供应：supply of talent 创造型思维：a synonym for brainpower 人才短缺：talent shortage 奖励结构：a reward structure 激励计划：a motivational program 建议：记忆专业词汇，翻译时注意增减词汇。,Text Interpreting (Passage 1),Melding that brain power：集思广益（四字格） The best ideas:金点子（汉语的常用语） Hands across divi
8、sion:跨部门参与 Strategy goals:战略目标 Slow-moving bureaucracies:拖沓的官僚机构 Chain of command：行政管理系统,Text Interpreting (Passage 1),The mini-caf sprinkled throughout BMWs sprawling R&D center in Munich 慕尼黑宝马公司分布在研发中心的各个小咖啡厅 The mini-caf 后面用了过去分词短语sprinkled throughout BMWs sprawling R&D center in Munich作后置定语来修饰，可
9、采用词序调整的技巧。译文中修饰语放在前面，“小咖啡厅”中心词放在结尾，符合汉语地点使用习惯。,Text Interpreting (Passage 1),Melding that brain power, they say, is essential to Unleashing the best ideas. Melding that brain power 译为“集思广益”，使用了 汉语的成语四字格，表达言简意赅； The best ideas译为“金点子”，采取了意译，符合汉 语民族接受的习惯，译员在口译中要考虑文化意识。,E-C Interpretation (Passage 1),Go
10、ne is the era of the 10-year model cycle. 10年的型号周期时代已经一去不复返了。 英文句中使用了倒装语序，汉语译文应进行词序调整，采用正常语序，用“一去不复返”表达很形象生动。,E-C Interpretation (Passage 1),And they are encouraged to build ties across divisions to speed change. 公司还鼓励他们建立起旨在加快改变的跨部门联系。 使用了语态转换和增词技巧。英文使用被动语态，中文使用主动语态。并增加了公司一词作主语，增词不增意。,E-C Interpret
11、ation (Passage 1),Discipline and creativity are not a paradox, there is a borderline case of self-controlling systems. a borderline case of self-controlling systems译为“一个不逾矩的自控系统”，考虑了汉民族的接受习惯和表达习惯。翻译时具有文化意识，翻译成汉语中的常用表达。,E-C Interpretation (Passage 2),General electric：通用电气公司 Market-driven 市场导向 Perform
12、ance of their teams：团队业绩 Profit margin：边际毛利 Compensation system：薪酬体系 Management talent：人才管理,E-C Interpretation (Passage 2),I want each employee coming to work for Haier to have the sense that he or she can find a place in the company to realize his or her own values as well as creating value for the
13、 enterprise. 此句中find a place 译为“找到一席之地”，使用了汉语的成语四字格，言简意赅。,E-C Interpretation (Passage 2),Nor is my goal to grow the company to a certain size. 我的目标也不是把公司发展成多大的规模。 句中采用了倒装的翻译方法。,E-C Interpretation (Passage 2),Toward that end, there are three areas that I must think about carefully every day. 句中toward
14、为介词，汉语译文使用了增词技巧，译为 “为达到这个目的”，增加了一个动词“达到”，使意思 表达更为明确，且有力度。,E-C Interpretation (Passage 2),Many big companies organize themselves around divisions and have very linear ,functional structures. 句中organize为动词，汉语译文可使用词性转换技 巧，转换为名词“组织”，较为自然。,E-C Interpretation (Passage 2),In particular, our recent forays i
15、nto direct marketing and delivery and our ability to generate positive cash flows are important go-to-market innovations that have eluded many Chinese companies because they are very hard to achieve. 特别是我们最近尝试了直销和直接送货的做法，以及形成有效现金流的能力，这些都是进入市场的重要创新手段。这令许多国内其他企业望尘莫及，因为他们很难获得这种创新成就。 此句译文可使用词性转换、拆句、增词技巧
16、。句中forays为名词，汉语译文译为动词“尝试”；整个句子拆分为三个分句，并增加“这些”、“手段”，增词不增意，使表达更清楚，符合汉语短句。,C-E Interpretation (Passage 1),携手建立共识，开创未来：join hands to reach a consensus for our future development 金融投资业务：investment business 一站式入门：a one-step portal,C-E Interpretation (Passage 1),香港要迎接全球化时代，首先必须在国家发展中找到适当的重要角色。 此句的汉语表达较简练，译成英文时应使用增词技巧，增加if和our primary task,使用条件句式。英文的句子结构逻辑性较强，在译成英文时常常使用增词技巧。,C-E Interpretation (Passage 1),争取与贸易伙伴达成更多经贸安排，让香港的货物和服务能够以更有利的条件进入海外市场。 句中出现两个单句，英语译文可采用合句技巧。像文本这样的汉语正式工作报告通常多用简
