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1、形容词性从句-定语从句,用来修饰名词、代词、句子等，在句中的作用相当于形容词，故称为形容词性从句。,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句：对被修饰词起限制作用，与主句关系密切，一般不可缺少。 非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的意思，与主句用逗号隔开。,I live in Beijing where my parents worked ten years ago. His sister, who works in Wuhan, is coming to see him tomorrow.,如：,e.g. The car that is under the
2、tree is mine.,先行词,放置于名词之后，修饰名词的从句,关系词,连接作用,1.,2.,在从句中充当成分, 限制性定语从句的构成,3.,指代先行词,定语从句的关系词,关系代词（在从句中作主、表、宾、定等成分） 指人:who(主格),whom(宾格),whose(所有格) 指物:which(主格,宾格),whose(所有格) 指人或物:that, as 关系副词（在从句中作状语） where (on which) when (in which) why (for which),1. The man (who/whom/that) my mother saw in the street
3、is my teacher.(指人）,2. The book which/that tells us about the earth is interesting.（指物）,3. She lives in a house whose window faces south.,4. Do you know the boy whose father is an English teacher?,5. I have never heard such stories as he tells.,6. I will never forget the day when (on which) I joined
4、the army.,7. I wont forget the factory where (in which) my father worked.,8. Tell me the reason why you came late.,只用that不用which的情况,1）先行词为不定代词，如： all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one,等 e.g. Well do all that we could do to help you.,2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, a
5、ny, little, much, one of, the only, the very, the right, the last, few, just修饰时。 This train is the last train that will go to Beijing.,3)先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting book that Ive ever read.,4)先行词既有人又有物的时候。 The people and the happy time that I had in that village influenced me a l
6、ot.,5)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个用that。 They secretly built up a small family which produced things and that could cause pollution.,1) 在非限定性定语从句中 e.g. Bruce went toward the fire, which was still smoking.,只用which不用that的情况,2) 介词之后 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.,3) 先行词本身是that时 What is
7、that which flashed in the sky just now?,4) 引导词后面有插入语的情况 Here is the book which, as you know, I like best.,1) 关系代词在从句中作宾语 e.g. Have you received the book (that) I sent you last week?,关系词的省略,2) 关系代词在从句中作表语 e.g. Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.,3) 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，并且介词在句末 e.g. This is th
8、e artist (whom) I spoke to you about.,1. 关系代词在从句中作主语 e.g. The classroom that is on the fourth floor is poorly equipped.,2. 关系副词不可省略 e.g. I have come to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting.,不能省略关系词的情况,介词+关系代词,1) 固定搭配 e.g. This is the evidence with which the case is connected.,3) 介词词组
9、+关系代词 e.g. We arrived at a hill, on top of which stood a tower.,2) 先行词 e.g. Ill never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party.,介词+关系代词,5) 介词+关系代词+代词/数词 e.g. He has written many books, of which most are in Chinese.,6) 介词+whose e.g. He is the very man in whose pocket I found my lost money.,4) 代
10、词/数词+of+关系代词 e.g. He has written many books, most of which are for children. We have many students, two of whom have won prizes of international competitions.,关系词的选择（三步法）,1. 找出先行词 2. 看先行词在从句中的功能（主语/宾语/状语） 3. 选择关系词,1)The people _ you met in the campus are from Australia. 2) This was the time_ she lef
11、t for Beijing. 3) The place _ he often visits is always full of artists.,who/whom/that,when/at which,which,as引导非限定性定语从句和 which的区别： 如果指代前一句话的意思,二者可以互换. e.g. He left her, as/ which was strange., as 和which,as 引导的从句可以放在句首，句中和句尾。 As everyone knows, Tom is good at English. The earth, as we know, moves around the sun.,as 有“正如.正象” 一类的含义 如：as has been said above, as anybody can see as we had expected, as it appears,在the sameas/such.as.中as引导的是限制性 定语从句. e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started. The result was not such as he expected., as 和which,
