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1、,第三届中国彼得德鲁克高 层 管 理 论 坛,Drucker on:How to be an Effective Leader德鲁克论如何成为卓有成效的领导者,约瑟夫 马恰列洛教授德鲁克管理学院,“Leadership” for Peter Drucker came from depths of reality not merely theory and experimentation在德鲁克看来，“领导力”是从实践中经过深度挖掘而得出的，而不是仅从理论和实验中得出的。,The Purpose of Leadership 领导力的目的 To establish, revise and cont
2、inually serve the mission of an organization & to achieve results确立、修订并不断服务于组织的使命和取得绩效而长期服务 Our question: How to institutionalize what Drucker has taught us about leadership?问题：如何将德鲁克教导的领导力理论运用到组织中成为习惯？,Wrong Approach Illustrated by actual question to Drucker from a VP of Human Resources:从下面这个由一位人力资
3、源副总裁向德鲁克问的问题中，我们可以看到一种错误的思考方式。,“My chairman wants me to organize a number of seminars on how one acquires charisma. What do I do?” “我的董事会主席让我组织一系列的研讨会来学习如何提升魅力，我应该怎么办？” I told her to go to a school to become a Powers Model ! 我告诉她去模特学校成为一个超级明星！,Question assumes leadership is only a matter of attracti
4、ng followers他这个问题之所以问错了，就在于他假定了“领导力”仅仅是要吸引追随者 this question makes leadership a popularity contest这个问题让领导力变成了一场追求声望的竞赛,Chrisma may be the undoing of leaders!魅力可以毁灭领导者 Charismatic leaders may become inflexiblemay be魅力型的领导者可能变得固执 convinced of their infallibility认为自己断无错误 unable to change不能改变 Charisma do
5、es not guarantee effectiveness as a leader魅力不能保证一个领导者的有效性,First test of leadership is “Purpose”建立领导力的第一关是 “设立目标” If Purpose is wrong we will not have leadership we will have mis-leadership 如果目标不正确，我们得到的不是领导力，而是“误导力” First questionPurpose/Missionthen先要问：目标/使命是什么？然后问： How should it be defined? 如何定义？ W
6、hat are its implications?目标/使命背后的含义是什么？ How do we make it effective?我们如何让它卓有成效？ If not done, person cannot lead如果上述工作没有做，领导成为空谈,Druckers favorite mission statement- Sears Roebuck in about 1917德鲁克最喜爱的一个使命宣言是：西尔斯公司在1917年左右提出的使命： “Its our function to be the informed and responsible buyer for the Americ
7、an farmer, and later on for the American middle class”我们的职责是成为美国农民、以及将来的美国中产阶级，消息灵通并且负责任的采购商。,Julius Rosenwald shocked his merchants by saying your job is not selling, but buying!朱利叶斯罗森沃尔德说：“我们的工作不是销售，而是采购！”这让他的零售商大为震惊！,Why was Sears mission Druckers favorite example? 为什么说西尔斯公司的使命是德鲁克津津乐道的一个范例呢？ If
8、merchandise is not rightnoting can be donejust put it on clearance sale如果产品不适销对路，那么我们除了清仓甩卖，什么也做不了。,Then Julius Rosenwald basically asked each of his store managers, “what does it mean for you and for your people?” 朱利叶斯罗森沃尔德向几乎每位店长问：“这使命对于你和你的同事们意味着什么？” if the mission is stated in way that captures
9、what the organization is aboutits impact will radiate throughout organization如果使命宣言能够诠释整个组织存在的意义，那么它的影响就会渗透整个组织。,Effective Leaders know that very few missions lasts forever卓有成效的领导者懂得极少有使命是永远不改变的。 most have a short life & its dangerous for a mission to remain unchanged too long很多时候，使命是短期的，使命也不应该永远不改变
10、，因这是危险的。,The Great American Telephone &Telegraph (AT&T) had a wonderful mission AT&T曾有一个美好的使命 bringing telephone to every household 让每个家庭都有电话 making it affordable-utopian goal in 1908让百姓支付得起这在1908年，听起来好像是天方夜潭 accomplished in 1960但这一目标在1960年就实现了 in 1980s AT&T floundered until US Government broke up t
11、he companyAT&T在1980年遇到了危机，直到美国政府拆分了该公司,Summary of Point One:总结观点一： Foundation of effective leadership is first, thinking through organizations mission卓有成效的领导力的基础首先是要彻底思考组织的使命是什么？,“What is the mission? How do you define it? How do you think it through? How do you make it effective?” 使命是什么？你是如何定义的？你是如
12、何考虑的？你是如何让使命有成效的？ The leader sets 领导者设定 Goals, priorities, and maintains standards 目标、优先顺序、坚持标准,Second, effective Leaders see leadership as responsibility rather than rank and privilege 第二，卓有成效的领导者视领导力为责任，而不是头衔和特权。,Effective Leaders are not afraid of strengths in associates and subordinates卓有成效的领导者不
13、惧怕同事和下属能力比自己强 “the buck stops here” as good a definition as any of leadership responsibility“责任止于此”是很好的关于领导者责任的定义。,Third, effective leaders view leadership as worksomething stressed again and again by the most effective leaders第三，卓有成效的领导者视领导力为一种工作：这是卓有成效的领导者反复强调的一点。 most recently by Level 5 leaders
14、in Jim Collinss Good to Great最近，吉姆柯林斯在从优秀到卓越一书的第五级领导者也强调： leadership is a meansto what end is the crucial question领导力本身只是手段，领导力能产生出什么结果才是核心问题。,Final requirement of effective leadership isto earn trust 卓有成效的领导力的一个最后条件是赢得信任 trust is the conviction that the leader means what he/she says信任意味着深信领导者会言出必行
15、a belief in integrity深信领导者具有正直的品格,Not based on being clever不是基于聪明 based primarily on being consistent而主要是基于前后一致 very old wisdom非常古老的智慧,How Can You Tell if you Are Following “a Leader” not “a Misleader?”你是如何分辨你是在追随一位“领导者”而不是“误导者”？ Leaders who do not believe in their mission but believe in power are m
16、is-leaders不相信使命，而相信权力的领导者是误导者 What matters to a mis-leader is not the mission but self-aggrandizement对误导者重要的不是使命而是权势。,How Can You Tell if you Are Following “a Leader” not “a Misleader?”你是如何分辨你是在追随一位“领导者”而不是“误导者”？ You will find them at every level and they corrupt你可以在不同的阶层找到贪污腐败的误导者。,heavy emphasis on “Charisma”过分强调魅力 “histrionics” or having the general quality of a stage performancea public relations quality“装腔作势”或者拥有舞台表演者的强烈的表演欲 potentially ver
