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1、现在完成时,The Present Perfect Tense,1.already在现在完成时中的用法,肯定句: 句中(助后实前)/句末 “己经”,一般疑问句: 句末(表示惊讶的语气) “难道”,Eg. Ive already had breakfast. (更常见) = Ive had breakfast already.(表示强调) Have you had breakfast already?,注: 有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词. Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already
2、very late.,2. yet在现在完成时中的用法,否定句:句末 “还(没)”,疑问句: 句末 “己经”,Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet?,注: 带already的肯定句变成否定句或疑问句时,将already要变成yet放在句末.,Eg. I have already done my homework. 否定句: 一般疑问句:,I havent done my homework yet.,Have you done your homework yet?,3. ever在现在完成时中的用法,肯定句/疑问句
3、: 句中 “曾经”,Eg. Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing?,4. never在现在完成时中的用法,否定句: 句中 “从来没有” Eg. Ive never been to Beijing.,注: 带ever的肯定句变否定句时, 要将ever变成never; 带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时可用“No, never.”,Eg. He has ever made dumplings. 否定句:,Have they ever travelled by train? No, never.,He has never ma
4、de dumplings.,5. just在现在完成时中的用法,用于句中, 表示“刚刚” Eg. Ive just had breakfast. What have they just done?,6. before在现在完成时中的用法,用于句末, 表示“以前” Eg. Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?,(二)表示一个从过去开始,一直持续到现在,有可能继续下去的动作或状态.通常和for或since引导的时间状语连用.,1.for +,Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied E
5、nglish for 3 years.,一段时间,2. since +,从句(一般过去时),单词,词组,(表示过去某一时间的)时间点,Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000.,注1): since 也可单独使用, 表示“自那时起”; 另外since前也可加上ever,以加强语气. Eg.I have been here (ever) since 2000.,注2): 对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用
6、how long, 决不能用when.,Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.,How long have you lived here?,She has stood here since 2 hour ago.,How long has she stood here?,注3): 短暂性动词不能和for或since引导的时间状语连用, 当然也不能用于how long引导的问句中. Eg.(误)I have left there for 5 years.,(正)I have been away there for 5 years.,We have learned
7、English _ Grade Three in primary school. We have learned English _ five years. 2.He hasnt felt well _ last night. Has he seen the doctor? 3. I have read this story book _ three days ago. I havent finished reading it yet.,选用since 或for 填空:,since,for,since,since,4. It has snowed _ two days. Everything
8、is covered with snow. 5. We have cleaned the classroom _ half an hour. 6. We have studied at this school _ 2003.,for,for,since,短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换,leave- come/go (to) - arrive (at/in)- get (to)- reach- buy- borrow- finish-,join- start/begin- die- close- open- return- marry- become-,be away (from),be (in/
9、at),be (in/at),be (in/at),be (in/at),have,keep,be over,be in/be a/an,be on,be dead,be closed,be open,be back,be married,be,常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变,get up get out end wake up go to sleep catch a cold get to know become interested in,be over,have a cold,be up,know,be out,be awake,be asleep/ sleep,be interes
10、ted in,Exercises,Tom 在哪儿？ 他去书店买书了。 我在北京待了5年了。 Jack 去过上海两次了,-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.,I have been in Beijing for 5 years.,Jack has been to Shanghai twice.,1.He _ (wait) for an hour. 2.I _(not finish) the work yet. 3._ you _ (know) him since then? 4.I _ (not hear)
11、from my brother for a long time. 5.We _ (be) there many times since 3 years ago.,Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs.,has waited,havent finished,Have,known,havent heard,have been,6.How long _ you _ (stay) at home already? 7. He _ (not read) the book before. 8.Her sister _ (go) to
12、Changchun. She_ (leave) this morning. 9.He _ (live) in his hometown since he left here. 10.The writer _ (finish) several story-books since 1990.,have,stayed,hasnt read,has gone,left,has lived,has finished,Correcting,1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months. 2. My bother has joined the army since he
13、was 18. 3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years. 4. The film has been on since I have come to the cinema. 5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold?,have kept,has been in/ been a member of the army,since 5 years ago/ for 5 years,came,did,catch,6. Ten years have passed since they got married. 7. Jim
14、has gone to Beijing for 2 years. 8.What time have the factory opened? 9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice,has,has been in,did,open,been to,1. 这本书我借了一个月了。,I borrowed this book a month ago.,It is/ has been a month since I borrowed the book.,I have kept the book for a month. /since a month ago
15、.,A month has passed since I borrowed the book.,Exercises,His father has died. (for 2 years) The football match has begun.(since9:00a.m) The twins have joined the army. (since they are 18years old) My teacher has just left Nanjing. (for 3 days),His father has been dead for 2 years.,The football match has been on since 9:00 a.m.,The twins have been soldiers/ been in the army since they are 18years old.,My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days,have/has gone to: 表示某人已经去了某地, 可能现在正在某地或者正在去那里的路上. have/has been to: 表示某人曾经去过某地, 但现在己经不在某地.后面可接表示“次数”的状语,三）have/has gone t
