《M5U1动词不定式课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《M5U1动词不定式课件（45页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、,Grammar,to infinitive(不定式),动词不定式的使用,To do like that is foolish.,I want to see you,I am to visit you,He has lots of work to do.,I study hard to improve English.,The teacher ask me to answer the question.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,作主语,To learn English is really important nowadays.,To be a doctor is my dream.
2、,1.学习外语真的很重要。,2. 做一名医生是我的梦想。,Subject,动词不定式和不定式短语做主语时，常用it做形式主语，其句型结构为： It is +形容词或名词（或词组）+不定式短语 这时的形容词常为easy, difficult, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, necessary, impossible, important 等。名词或词组常为a fact, a great day, a great thing, a pity 等。,Tip:,作宾语,Fred didnt have any money, so he decided to look
3、 for a job.,He promised not to tell anyone about it.,1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。,2. 他答应不告述任何人这事。,Object,Can you give some examples?,作表语,My task is to finish the homework.,To see is to believe.,1.我的任务是去完成作业。,2. 眼见为实。,Predicative,作定语,Do you have anything to say?,1. 你有什么要说的吗?,2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人,Betty was
4、the first to know the truth,Attribute,作定语,Eg.I have some books for you to read.,作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。,Eg. He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothing to worry about. Please give me a knife to cut with.,注意,注1: 不定式做定语时，表示未做。 I have a very important meeting to attend tomorrow. 注2: 动词不
5、定式用作定语时可以放在一些名词的后面。如： attempt, ability, chance, desire, determination, decision, effort, failure, intention, need and opportunity. 注3：当名词被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作定语,作状语,He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. I am happy to hear the news. Im too tired to walk any further tonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,Adverb
6、ial,作宾补,She asked me to stay there.,1. 她叫我呆在这儿。,2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。,Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.,Object complement,我听到他在唱流行歌曲 I heard them sing a pop song. 我看到他们踢足球了 We watched them play football . 他让我擦玻璃 He made me clean the window.,Bare infinitive（不定式符号to的省略）,A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，“
7、4321”如see, watch, notice, observe（四看）. make, have, let（三让） hear,listen to（二听）feel（一感）,主动省“to”，被动加 “ to”,注意,注意,B介词but，except, 表示“除了”后接不定式作宾语时，介词前有行为动词do，不定式省to。当主语部分有行为动词do，不定式做表语省to。 “前有do，后省to”,we had nothing to do but/except wait. What I want to do is find some books.,注意,C. 两个或两个以上的不定式由连词and，or，bu
8、t，rather than 连接时，第二个不定式符号to开始，往往省略。,1.Would you like to go shopping or watch films. 2.I decide to work rather than play. 3.She told me to listen carefully and work hard,注意,作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词，只保留不定式符号to 。（后有be及have要保留）,A:Would you like to come to my party?,Mary wanted to use my bike,
9、but I asked her not to ( use my bike).,B: Yes , Id love to ( come to your party).,Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。,不定式后动词的省略,两个不定式并列使用时，为了避免重复，后面的不定式符号to可省略。 The little girl hardly knew whether to laugh or cry. Can you help me to call him and ask him to attend the meeting?,在下列结构后 had better, would rather, would
10、ratherthan, cannot but（不得不 ，必然，不能不）, cant help but 等 *. why not 表建议,动词不定式中to的保留 为了避免重复上文中出现过的动词，可以用不定式符号to来代替上文中出现过的不定式结构。 (1) 在助动词或情态动词之后，如be going to, used to, have to, ought to, be able to, be about to等; She must go, but you dont have to (go). He doesnt like fish but he used to (like). (2) 在want,
11、 decide, like, love, hope, wish, mean, refuse, try等动词之后; You may go with them if you hope to (go). Did you go to see the Great Wall? I wanted to (go), but I was too busy.,(3) 在ask, tell, order, advise, persuade, warn, wish, permit, allow等动词之后用作宾补的不定式：: Dont do anything unless your father tells you t
12、o (do). May I use your car? No, I dont allow you to (use). (4) 在对话答语中的happy, glad, anxious, willing, ready, pleased, afraid等形容词之后。 Will you lend me a hand? Im willing to (lend you a hand). Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow? Ill be glad to (come).,动词不定式还可以和what, where, how, when, which等连接代
13、词（副词）连用，在句中做主语,宾语和表语，宾补。如： 1.如何处理垃圾是个问题。 _ is a problem. 2.I couldnt decide _. (买哪一个),How to deal with the rubbish,which one to buy,疑问词+to do,不定式的时态和语态,1.He is said to go to Beijing.,To do一般表示动作未做,3. He is said to have studied abroad for 2 years.,2. He is said to be studying abroad.,To have done表示动作
14、已经发生（发生在谓语动词之前）,To be doing所表示的动作正在进行。,(1)不定式的一般形式所表示的动作，通常与谓语的 动作（状态）同时发生. Eg. They invited us to go there this summer. (2)如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，这时不定式就要用进行式。 Eg. They seemed to be talking about something secret. (3)如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就要用完成式。 Eg. Im sorry to have done that .,不定式的时态和语态,笔记要点,Im
15、 very delighted to be invited to Marys birthday party. Im pleased to have been given this chance.,如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动形式.,笔记要点,用作独立结构 有一些不定式短语并不做句中成分，是说话人心理态度的表露（语法将之称为独立结构）。如： To be honest, we are not sure to work out the problem. To be frank, I dont agree with you. 这类动词不定式有：to tell you
16、 truth（说老实话）、to begin with（首先）、to say nothing of（姑且不说）、to be sure（诚然，固然）、to make a long story short（长话短说）、to be brief（简言之）、to conclude（总而言之）。,practise 当堂巩固,Practise makes perfect,1.Andy works hard . -So he does, he is often seen _after work. A. playing B. to play C. to be played D. be playing,2.Im thirsty. Would you please give me something_. A. drunk B. to drink C. to be drunk D. drinking,3.-Do you plan to go to Beij
