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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件 So, robots.機器人,00:13 Robots can be programmed to do the same task millions of times with minimal error, something very difficult for us, right? 能夠編寫程式以最少出錯的次數 讓機器人完成數 百萬次相同的任務, 但對我們人類來說相當困難,對 吧？00:15 And it can be very impressive to watch them at work.看它們工作,可能令人印象很深刻。00:22 Look at them
2、.看它們。00:26 I could watch them for hours.我可以連看幾個小時。00:27 What is less impressive is that if you take these robots out of the factories, where the environments are not perfectly known and measured like here, to do even a simple task which doesnt require much precision, this is what can happen. 不太令人印象深
3、刻的是 如果這些機器人到了工廠 外, 和這裡全然已知和測量過的 環境不一樣, 即使 做個簡單、無須太精密的任務, 可能會這樣。 00:31 I mean, opening a door, you dont require much precision.我是說,開一扇門無須太精密。00:46 (Laughter) Or a small error in the measurements, he misses the valve, and thats it - （笑聲） 或者測量中的一個小錯誤, 使它錯過了閥 門,就這樣,完了。00:49 (Laughter) with no way of rec
4、overing, most of the time.（笑聲） 大多數時候沒有辦法恢復。00:54 So why is that?為什麼呢？00:59 minimal: adj.最低的；最小限度的 impressive: adj.感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的 factories: n.工厂,车厂 (factory复数形式) precision: n.精度，数精密度；精确/adj.精密的，精确的 measurements: n.测量值,尺寸 (measurement的复数) valve: n.阀;解剖瓣膜;真空管;活门/vt.装阀于;以活门调节 recovering: n.恢复;再生;补偿
5、/v.恢复;再生 (recover的现在分词形式) Well, for many years, robots have been designed to emphasize speed and precision, and this translates into a very specific architecture. 多年來, 機器人的設計強調速度和精密度, 轉化成 為非常具體的架構。01:01 If you take a robot arm, its a very well-defined set of rigid links and motors, what we call actu
6、ators, they move the links about the joints. 如果拿一隻機器手臂, 用的是一套很明確的剛性鏈 接 和被稱為執行器的機電, 移動關節周圍的鏈接。 01:09 In this robotic structure, you have to perfectly measure your environment, so what is around, and you have to perfectly program every movement of the robot joints, 在這機器人結構裡 周圍的環境必須被完美地測量, 周圍有什麼, 也必須完美
7、地編寫 每個機器人關節動 作的指令,01:17 because a small error can generate a very large fault, so you can damage something or you can get your robot damaged if something is harder. 因為一個小錯誤可能會 導致非常大的錯誤, 可能損 毀東西; 或者,如果那東西比較硬, 就會損毀機器 人。01:27 So lets talk about them a moment.讓我們來談一會兒,01:35 And dont think about the brai
8、ns of these robots or how carefully we program them, but rather look at their bodies. 不要考慮這些機器人的腦 或它的程式寫得多仔細, 而是看它們的身體。01:38 There is obviously something wrong with it, because what makes a robot precise and strong also makes them ridiculously dangerous and ineffective in the real world, because the
9、ir body cannot deform or better adjust to the interaction with the real world. 身體顯然有點不對勁, 因為使機器人精確和強大的 因素 也使它們在現實世界中 危險和沒效率, 因為 它們的身體不能變形, 也無法更適應 與真實世界的 相互作用。01:46 well-defined: adj.定义明确的;界限清楚的 rigid: adj.严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的 motors: n.汽车;发动机 (motor的复数);汽车公司证券 actuators: n.电致动器,制动器(actuator复数形式) robo
10、tic: adj.机器人的,像机器人的;自动 的/n.机器人学 ridiculously: adv.可笑地;荒谬地 ineffective: adj.无效的,失效的;不起作用的 deform: vt.使变形;使成畸 形/vi.变形;变畸形/adj.畸形的;丑陋的 adjust to: 调节;调整以适应 So think about the opposite approach, being softer than anything else around you. 因此反向思考, 比周圍的其他事物更柔軟。02:03 Well, maybe you think that youre not rea
11、lly able to do anything if youre soft, probably. 也許你認為柔軟就辦不了事。 或許吧。02:09 Well, nature teaches us the opposite.然而,大自然告訴我們的恰恰相反。02:15 TED演讲者：Giada Gerboni | 吉阿达 格尔博尼 演讲标题：The incredible potential of flexible, soft robots | 灵活的柔性机器人潜力无限 内容概要：Robots are designed for speed and precision - but their rigid
12、ity has often limited how theyre used. In this illuminating talk, biomedical engineer Giada Gerboni shares the latest developments in soft robotics, an emerging field that aims to create nimble machines that imitate nature, like a robotic octopus. Learn more about how these flexible structures could
13、 play a critical role in surgery, medicine and our daily lives. 机器人为速度和精度而设计但刚性常常限制了它们的使用方式。在这个启发性的演讲中，生物医学工程 师吉阿达 格尔博尼分享了“柔性机器人”的最新发展，这是一个新兴领域，旨在创造能模仿大自然的灵活 机器，例如机器章鱼。进一步了解这些柔性结构是如何在手术、医疗和日常生活中发挥关键作用的吧。 For example, at the bottom of the ocean, under thousands of pounds of hydrostatic pressure, a co
14、mpletely soft animal can move and interact with a much stiffer object than him. 例如,在海底, 在數千磅的靜水壓力下, 完全柔軟的 動物能移動, 也能與比牠硬的物體相互作用。 02:18 He works by carrying around this coconut shell thanks to the flexibility of his tentacles, which serve as both his feet and hands. 牠帶著這個椰子殼走來走去, 牠的觸手靈活, 既是 腳,也是手。02:2
15、9 And apparently, an octopus can also open a jar.很顯然,章魚能開罐。02:38 Its pretty impressive, right?令人印象深刻,對吧？02:43 But clearly, this is not enabled just by the brain of this animal, but also by his body, and its a clear example, maybe the clearest example, of embodied intelligence, which is a kind of int
16、elligence that all living organisms have. 但顯然,牠辦得到不僅由於腦, 也由於身體。 這是 個明顯,也許最明顯 展現智能的例子, 一種生物具 有的智能。02:47 hydrostatic: adj.流体静力学的;静水力学的 stiffer: adj.更硬的(stiff的比较级) coconut: n.椰子;椰子肉 flexibility: n.灵活 性;弹性;适应性 tentacles: n.动触手;动触须(tentacle的复数) serve as: 担任,充当;起的作用 octopus: n.章鱼/章鱼肉 embodied: v.呈现(embody的过去式及过去分词形式);具体表达 organisms: n.生物生物体(organism的复数);生物有机体 We all have that.我們都有。03:03 Our body, its shape, material and structure, plays a fundamental role during a physical task, because we can co
