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1、Module 6 Unit 2 Grammar and Usage,一般过去时 一般过去时用来表示过去的动作及状态.表示过去的习惯常用used to do, would do表示. 2. 一般过去时常连用表过去的时间状语，状语从句甚至其它类型从句和表过去的地点状语，地点状语从句来限定一发生过的动作. 3. 一般过去时和现在完成时均表示发生在过去的动作,但前者侧重过去的事实,后者侧重过去的动作对现在的影响.,*-Long time no see. Havent you graduated from college? -Yes I English for 4 years in Nantong. *
2、-What _ it, Ted? -Just a pain in my shoulder. Its gone now. A. was B. is,have studied,studied,A,试比较: I cant enter the room now because I _ (lose) my key. I cant find my text book now, but I _ (put) it here.,have lost,put,过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻或时段正在进行的动作. 与always continually, constantly等词连用表示过去的经常动作,往往带有感情色彩
3、. 用于表述故事的发生背景 It was getting dark and the wind was rising.,过去进行时在近年高考中的考查: Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. - Where was i? - You _you didnt like your fathers job. (04 北京) A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 2. You were out when I dropped in at your house. (04 广东) - Oh,
4、I _ for a friend from England at the airport. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited,C,A,3. Has Sam finished his homework today? - I have no idea. He _ it this morning. (04吉林) A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 4. Whats wrong with your coat? (05 重庆) - Just now when I want
5、ed to get off the bus, the man next to me _ on it. A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting,C,D,一般过去时和过去进行时的区别 1. 一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的 状态（包括过去习惯动作），常与just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), the day before yesterday及表示过去 的时间状语从句。如 I was sixteen years old last year. He
6、worked in a factory in 1986. I met her in the street the day before yesterday. He often swam in the river when he was young.,2. 过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在 进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth等时 间状语
7、从句。 What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday? I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. I was cooking when she knocked at the door.,3. 一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去 进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。 I saw you while you were speaking to Joan. 注意：有的过去时间状语既可用于一般过去时， 也可用于过去进行时，但含义不同。如： Sh
8、e wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。（信写完了） She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信.（信不一定写 完）,4. 过去进行时的时间状语从句(1). when 和while引导的状语从句 while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从 句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When/While we were having supper, the light went out.(2). when用作并列连词时，表示主句动作发生的 过程中
9、，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。 I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。,5. 下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时：(1). 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。 Tom was getting up at six oclock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。(2). 与always, constantly 等连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。 John was always coming to school late. He was always do
10、ing good deeds for the neighbors. (3). 用来描写故事发生的情景时。如： It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.,(4). go, come, leave, start, arrive等位移动词 可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如： I was leaving for Wuhan th
11、at day. 那天我正要去武汉。 She was coming later. 她随后就来。,6. 过去进行时表示婉转语气（只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词），用以提出请求,如：I was wondering if you could help me.I was hoping you could send me home.,过去完成时 1. 表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作完成之前的情况.往往具备以下两个特征之一: (1) 句中常用by, before, until引导过去某一时间状语. They had learned 5000 words by the end of last
12、 year. (2) 出现在主从句中, 两个发生在过去的动作有明显的先后关系.,Hardly had he run into the room when the rain began to come down. 2. 表示过去未曾实现的希望, 打算, 意图, 用于如下动词: want, hope, think, expect, intend, mean, suppose, plan. I had meant to buy a present for you in Paris, but my work ran out of my time.,过去完成时与一般过去时(1). 历史事实通常用一般过去
13、时表示，如： They learned that Lincoln led the American War.He told the students that Hitler killed millions of Jews.(2). 过去完成时可以代替一般过去时，表示惊奇.I saw her coming, but in a minute, she had disappeared.They wanted to keep it a secret, but a few days later, everyone had known it.,3. 当主从复合句中有after, before 引导的时间状
14、语从句时,用过去完成时的地方可用一般过去时. He (had) finished all the homework before his patents got home. After I (had) had a short break, I went on to work out the problem.,过去完成进行时 过去完成进行时与过去完成时的区别在于前者强调过去某个时刻之前动作的持续进行而后者强调过去某个时刻之前动作的完成结果. I was tired out; I had been reading for hours in a row. I had been waiting for
15、 nearly an hour before he came.,过去将来时 相对于过去某时即将发生的动作, 常用于 宾语从句中. *No one knew when he was going to come. *I didnt know when they were leaving for Shanghai.,一般将来时 1. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态. I will be back in a few days. 2. 表示一种倾向或习惯性动作. Well die without air and water. Water will boil if heated.,一般将来时的常见表达形式
16、,will/ be going to 的区别 1. will 表示说话人认为或相信将会发生但现在看不见的动作而be going to 表示现在即可看出的现象 *Its going to rain. *I think the boat will sink when at sea. 2. will 表示说话时决定的动作而be going to do表示原来的计划 *Hold on please. Ill write it down just in case. *The meeting is going to start at 7.,be to 表示禁止, 命令等. No one _ leave here without my permission. A. will B. is to 2. 表示计划, 安排. Theres to be a sp
