《高一生物必修显微镜的使用课件》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高一生物必修显微镜的使用课件(12页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、第2节 细胞的多样性和统一性,第1章 走近细胞,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,学习目标,1.学会用高倍显微镜观察细胞。 2.学会制作临时装片的方法。,第1课时 高倍显微镜的使用,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose P
2、ty Ltd.,你认识这些细胞吗?,人体的血细胞,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,洋葱根尖的细胞分裂,人的口腔上皮细胞,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,反光镜,粗准焦螺旋,细准焦螺旋,目镜,物镜,
3、转换器,遮光器,载物台,镜筒,镜臂,镜柱,通光孔,压片夹,镜座,显微镜的结构,光学系统,机械系统,目镜 物镜 反光镜,镜座 镜柱 镜臂 镜筒 载物台 遮光器 粗/细准焦螺旋 。,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,物镜,目镜,4,10,40,物镜带螺纹,其倍数越大,物镜越长,距离标本越近。 目镜不带螺纹,其倍数越大,目镜越短。,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose
4、.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,显微镜的使用,1.取镜和安放(右臂左座),2.对光(选择低倍镜、反光镜、光圈),3.固定装片于载物台上,4.转动粗准焦螺旋,载物台下降(目视物镜与装片之间),5.反向转动粗准焦螺旋,载物台上升,直至看到物像,6.移动目标至视野中央,7.更换高倍物镜,8.转动细准焦螺旋至标本影像清晰为止(“不能动粗”),9.调节反光镜、光圈,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5
5、 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,小结:显微镜的使用知识点,1.放大倍数问题 显微镜的放大倍数=物镜倍数目镜倍数 (注:放大倍数指的是物体的宽度或长度的倍数,而不是面积或体积的放大倍数) 放大倍数的变化与视野中细胞数量的变化成反比: 第一种情况:一行细胞数量变化放大倍数(反比) 第二种情况:圆形视野中细胞数量变化放大倍数的平方(反比),Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyri
6、ght 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,变式:若该题中64个细胞排成一排,则换40物镜后,视野中的细胞数目为多少个?,【例】,B,16,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2.物象移动与实物的关系 显微镜成像:倒立的虚像,即上下左右均颠倒 在显微镜下观察到的物象在视野左下方,要想将物象移至视野正中央,应将装片怎么移动? 如果显微镜观察的装片上写有“pd” ,那么视野中看到的物像是
7、什么?,旋转180,偏哪移哪,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,3.显微镜下视野大小、明暗问题 低倍镜:物像小,数目多,视野范围大,视野亮,距离标本远 高倍镜:物像大,数目少,视野范围小,视野暗,距离标本近 4.污点位置的判断 “随哪部分动,污点就在哪”,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,