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1、Guessing the meaning,Reading Comprehension,猜测词义 读懂文章,Teaching aims: By the end of this class, you will: know several ways to guess the meanings of words in reading comprehension make use of these ways to help you solve the problems in reading comprehension and understand the sentence or passage enla
2、rge your vocabulary,常见题 型,高考阅读理解,Question Forms,1. The word “” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _. 2.The word “” is most likely to mean _. 3. What do you think the expression “” stands for? 4. The underlined word “” means _. .,How to guess the meanings of words?,方法一： Using word
3、 formation（构词法）,prefix (前缀）,suffix（后缀）,un-,word root (词根）,believe,-able,Guessing the meaning,unbelievable,With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.,unconditional:,无条件的, 绝对的 adj.
4、,condition,conditional,情况，条件 n.,有条件的 adj.,unconditional:,nonjudgmental:,没有判断力的,judge,judgment,judgmental,判断 v.,判断 n.,adj.,nonjudgmental:,常见的前缀(prefix)和后缀(suffix)有： super- (超) mini- (极小的, 微小的) micro-（极微小的） re- （再，反复） mis-（误，恶） im-（不） un-（不，非） in-（不，非） non-（不，非） -able（能的 ） -less（不，无） -wards (向),superm
5、an microwave (超人) nonnatural mispronouce (非自然的) homeless nonsmoker (无家可归的) rebuild eastwards (重建),Can you guess the right meanings?,(微波),(非烟民),(发错音),(向东),方法二： Using context clues （利用上下文线索）,同义词、近义词,Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to peoples health. They also regard drinking as harmful.,有害
6、的 adj.,作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一 个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往 往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。,also,技巧 1,资金 n.,At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank.,money,同义词、近义词,nor,同义词常见信词：or, namely, that is, i.e., that is to say,
7、等。,反义词,eg. Unlike his brother, who is truly a handsome man, John is quite homely “homely” means “ ”.,ugly,With the help of words like: unlike; but, however, while, instead, on the other hand.,Unlike,handsome,技巧 2,Rather than liking the movie as I expected them to, all my friends abhorred it. 厌恶，憎恨 I
8、f you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. 不赞成；不同意,Rather than,liking,no,yes,agree,In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.,定义、解释或举例,通过定义,定语从句/同位语/词或词组 (is; was; mean; that is; thats to say; or; namely ; in other wo
9、rds ; to put it another way; i.e , such as ; like; especially; for instance; for example )来确定词义,技巧 3,1.When writing an article, we often use simile, such as “brave as a lion” and “quick like lightning” “simile” means“_”.,【修辞】明喻,常见的信号词：such as, for example, for instance 等。,2. Social mobility is the m
10、ovement from one class or level of living to another. 3. He is a resolute man, once he sets up a goal, he will not give it up easily.,因果关系,With the help of conjunctions like: because, as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，therefore， so that， etc.,技巧 4,- since you are my superior（上级）, it would be presumpt
11、uous of me to tell you what to do . Afull of respect Btoo confident and rude Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet,since,superior,标点符号（冒号；破折号；括号）,1.You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. A.dictionaries B. story-books
12、C. magazines D. newspapers,技巧 5,2. The other questioned the veracity the truthfulness of these reports.,经验和常识,In spite of the fact the fishermen were wearing souwesters, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through.,a kind of raincoat,技巧 6,The heat of sun warms some ocean water. The surface of
13、the water evaporates， forming a cloud of warm, wet air that moves upward “evaporates” means “_”,turns into vapour 蒸发,Using word formation(构词法) Using context(上下文） clues（线索）,同义词、近义词 反义词 定义、解释或举例 因果关系 标点符号 经验和常识,Summary 小结,Practice makes perfect,Read the following passages and see if you understand the
14、 words or phrases that may be new to you: Passage 1. We can not feel speed. But our sense let us know that we are moving. We see things moving past and feel that we are being shaken. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during
15、 the takeoff run of an airplane. 1. Acceleration is the name for _. A. any kind of movement B. the movement of a plane C. a steady speed D. an increase in speed,Passage 2. A tornado can do a lot of damage. The wind of a tornado rushes at great speed around a funnel-shaped cloud. It travels in a path
16、 a few hundred feet wide and about twenty-five miles long. As the wind circles, the funnel spirals higher and higher. 2. A tornado is a _. A. rainstorm B. dust storm C. great circle wind D. huge funnel of water,Passage 3. STOCKHOLMA Swede and two Americans won the 2000 Nobel Prize for medicine on Oct. 9 for studies on how messages move around the nervous system.
