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1、高中英语易混词汇辨析（一）,a bit, a little,肯定句中，表“一点”，两者可互换。但否定式意义不同：not a bit = not at all一点也不；not a little = very很、非常。 - Would you mind my opening the window? - _. A. not a bit B. Yes, not a little C. Yes, help yourself D. Never mind 答案(A),ability, capacity, capability,ability 指人们现有的能力、学习能力或技能。 capacity指容纳能力、容
2、量。 capability指实际能力或潜在能力。 The premier is a man of immense _. Chinas nuclear _ is only for defence purpose. My teacher has the _ to speak three foreign languages. (capacity; capability; ability),above all, first of all, at all, after all,after all意为“要知道，别忘了”时，位于句首，用来说明或提醒对方，引出对方似乎忘记了的某个重要论点或理由。意为“虽然，但
3、毕竟”之意时，位于句末，表和预期的情况相反，说话人有转折之意。 above all 指“首先，最重要的是”，说明事物的重要性。 first of all “首先，第一”，说明事物的排列顺序或优先程度。 at all与not连用时意为“一点也不”，用于疑问/肯定/条件句时，意为“真的，的确”。 We mustnt waste anything and _ we mustnt waste time in our life. In my opinion, you shouldnt blame him, _ he is only a child. Do you know the answer _? S
4、tephen Chow is a successful director, but _ he is an excellent actor. ( above all; after all; at all; first of all ),accept, receive,accept 一般指经过考虑后接受某物或某事；但有时也指“承认”，而非明确地“同意”。 receive 仅指客观地收到某物，或别人所说、所写的东西。 I received her invitation, but I havent decided whether to accept it or not.,accomplish, ach
5、ieve, fulfill, finish完成,accomplish指为执行某种计划或达到某种目的而努力地、坚持不懈地工作。 achieve含越过重重障碍去完成值得去做的事，或重要的事。 fulfill指完全实现人们所期望/要求做的事。 As a person, I should _ my promise. The soldiers sent to Indonesia have to _ the mission. What we do is to _ lasting peace. (fulfil; accomplish; achieve),ache, pain, suffering,ache指
6、一种持续的隐隐之痛，常表人体局部疼痛,可与表痛的部位的名词连用。 She often suffers from headache/ toothache/ backache/stomachache. pain指肉体和精神上具有一定程度的疼痛，常指严重的伤痛或悲痛。表辛劳、努力时用复数。Doctor, Ive got a pain here. suffering指一段时间内，精神和肉体上的痛苦。 The parents caused Little Tom great mental suffering by divorce. hurt vi.表肉体指肉体和精神上具有一定程度的疼痛。vt.受伤 My
7、left leg is broken. It really hurts.,act, action, deed,act指“行为”时，指一时的简单动作，特别强调行动的过程；有时也指由一个人或一群人来完成，不受动机，自然和结果的限制。常用短语有：act as “担任”，指代为行使某人的权力，而不任命为某职；“扮演”。act for “担任”，指完全代替某人的职位。 action意为“行动”时，指一段时间的延续行为，由简单动作组成的复杂动作。常用短语有：take action 采取行动；in action在活动中。 deed有时可指不论大小、好坏的行为，但多数情况下指需要高度的勇气、智慧、力量或技巧才
8、能完成的行为；如：a heroic deed英雄行为。,Helping a blind man across the road is an _ of kindness. The machine is not in _. I _ him as he was busy. (act; action; acted as),address, speech, lecture,address指正式的精心准备的讲话。 speech是普通字眼，可以是有准备的，也可是即席发表的讲话。 lecture指经仔细准备的讲话，旨在给听众信息或教诲。 The chairman is about to _ the meeti
9、ng in a minute. The professor is preparing a _ to a college class. (address; lecture),alive, live, living, lively,alive“活着的，还出气的”，作表语或后置定语。 When he reached the hospital, his grandpa was still alive. live “活的，有生命的”，作前置定语，主要用来指动物，或表现场直播的节目(表转播时用：recorded)。 a live fish/concert living 指人或动物活着、健在。还指事物现在还
10、被使用。与the连用表活着的一类。 My grandma is still living at the age of 93. lively指活泼的，生机勃勃的，作形式表语、定语，指人或物。She has a lively mind,The enemy captain was caught _. Are there any _ things on the moon? (alive; living),another day, one day, some day, the other day, in the past/last few days,another day “改日（用于将来时）” one
11、 day “（总）有一天（用于过去时或将来时）” some day “总有一天（用于将来时）” the other day “几天前的一天” in the past/ last few days “近几天（与完成时连用）”,anxious, eager,eager“渴望的，热切的”，着重指渴望什么或做什么的热情及迫切的心情，即“成功的期望或进取的热情”；+ for/ to do。 anxious “焦急的，发愁的，牵挂的”，含有未知结果如何，有些为之担心的意味; + for (about)/ to do 。 They are _ for success. We are _ for the ne
12、w president to make us a speech in public. He is _ to know the result of the exam. (eager; eager; anxious),arrive, reach, get,arrive vi.指到达指定地点（大地点用in，小地点用at）。arrival n. reach vt.后不跟随介词，指抵达某地或达成某种协议，或表“接触到、够到”。 get vi.表“到达”时，若跟随名词，应用to，若跟随副词，则不带to。 They _ at the station on time. She_ London at sunse
13、t. The apples are too high to _. We_ to New York at last. They finally _ an agreement after discussion. (arrived; reached; reach; got; reached,as, for, since, because because since as for,for是并列连词，连接并列句，引导的句子放在后面（不能放在句首），且有逗号隔开表示附带说明的理由或推断的理由。作为介词表原因时，常和名词reason, 动词praise, thank, scold, apologize, e
14、xcuse, 或形容词sorry, angry 等连用。 since是从属连词，表关系上的自然结果，原因一般很明显，往往是双方都知道的原因，其从句可放在主句前后，常放在主句前。 as也是从属连词，语意较弱，口语中常省略，其从句位于主句前或后。,because语意较强，表直接的原因或理由，是因果的必然推断，它引导的状语从句可放在主句前或后；用于回答why提的问句。在强调句型里，只能用because从句。 在含as, since的句子中，全句的重点在主句的内容，因为其理由或原因在说话人看来因内、已经很明显，或已为听话人熟悉。它们引导的从句只是一种附带的说明原因不是对原因的强调。 The light
15、 went out, _ the oil was out. The oil must be out, _ the light went out. _ there was nothing else to do, we left early. (because, for, Since),as soon as, once,as soon as 强调时间的连接； once则带有条件意味，“一旦就”。 _ you begin, you should do it well. _ I got there, I rang home. (Once, As soon as),as well, too, eithe
16、r, also,also用于肯定句，即可表示两人做了同样的事，也可表示一个人做了两件事，常位于动词、助动词和情态动词之后，行为动词之前，在表示强调是，也可放在助动词和情态动词之前。 too也用在肯定句中，可放在句中或句末。 either用于否定句，只用于句末。 as well常用于口语，用法和一样，常放在句末。,但在以下情况用too,含责备、抱怨或规劝类的句中，若句子本身以否定的形式来表达肯定的意思时； Cant you see Ive got teeth, too? 在表示建议、邀请时，若句子是否定形式，肯定意义； Wouldnt you like a cup of juice, too? 3）反义疑问句中若主体句是肯定句，否定式的反意问句不影响整句的肯定意义，那么，主体句用too; T
