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1、高中物理实验:测定电源的电动势和内阻,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,一、实验原理,(1)电流表,电压表,滑动变阻器 E= U + I r (2)电流表,电阻箱 E=I R+ I r (3)电压表,电阻箱 E=U + Ur/R,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copy
2、right 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,一、实验原理,I,U,R,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(1) 连接电路,开始开关应处于 断开状态滑动变阻器阻值调到最大.,二、实验步骤,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2
3、011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(4)整理好器材,利用公式或U-I图象处理记录的数据,求出电源的E和r.,(3)闭合电键,调节滑动变阻器滑片的位置,读出 电流I、电压U的值,重复 5 次 ,列表记录.,(2)检查:电表的指针是否指零,量程选择合适,二、实验步骤,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(2)测多组U、I 值,作出 U-I 图象。,注意: 1、画直线时,使直线两侧的点子数目大致相等
4、 2、坐标轴的起点是否为零。,三、数据处理,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(测量值),(真实值),r 测 r真,E测 E真,四、误差分析(1)公式法,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(测量值),
5、(真实值),r 测 r真,E测 = E真,四、误差分析(1)公式法,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,应该选取哪个电路来测定电源的电动势和内阻?,四、误差分析(1)公式法,如果RA已知,应该选用哪个电路?为什么?,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20
6、04-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,r 测 r真,r 测 r真,E测 E真,E测 = E真,四、误差分析(2)图像法,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,r 测 r真,r 测 r真,E测 E真,E测 = E真,四、误差分析(3)等效电源,Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,