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1、软 件 工 程 师 培 训 系 列 教 材,Software Development in Unix Environment,Log in and out of a Solaris system Navigate the Solaris file system Create files and directories, and change their permissions Manipulate text files, and use the vi text editor Use commands to search directories and files Use basic netwo
2、rk commands Identify and modify initialization files,Course Objectives,Ch1 Solaris Computing Environment,UNIX and Other Operating Systems,The Solaris is the Sun version of the UNIX system 1965 Bell Laboratories joins with MIT and GE in the development effort for the new operating system, Multics 197
3、0, Jan 1 time zero for UNIX. It is named by Bell Labs programmers, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritche 1973 Unix is re-written mostly in C 1980 BSD 4.1 (Berkeley Software Distribution). Berkeley added VM support, TCP/IP networking, vi, csh, and more 1983 SunOS was based on BSD UNIX Version 4.2 1988 AT
4、 $ % ! * ? | Except The dot (.) and underscore (_),Ch4 Metacharacters,Represents zero or more characters ls d*,Asterisk (*),Represents any single character ls d? ls z?.txt,Question Mark (?),Match a set or range of characters to a single character position ls b-fb* ls fFf*a?c,Square Brackets ( ),Ente
5、r multiple commands on a command line cd;ls date;cal;pwd,Semicolon (;),Use () to redirect the output of a command to a file rather than to the screen Use () to append the output of a command to an existing file cal 10 2004 a.txt cal 11 2004 a.txt cat f2.txt,Angle Brackets (, ),Takes the output of on
6、e command and passes it as input into a following command cal 7 2003 | lp ls -l /etc | more,Piping (|),Configuration files, web pages, program source code are all text-based Text viewers v.s. editors,Ch5 Text Editing,Displays the contents of a text file on screen Is often used to join two or more fi
7、les into one large file cat filename(s) cat /dev/null /b.txt cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: print $1 “t” $6 | sort /userinfo,cat,Displays the contents of a text file one screen at a time more filename(s) Spacebar Scroll to the next screen Return Scroll one line at a time b Move back one screen f Move for
8、ward one screen h Display a Help menu of more features q Quit and return to the shell prompt /stringSearch forward for string n Find next occurrence of string,more,Displays the first or last n lines of one or more files Displays first or last 10 lines by default head -n filename(s) tail -n filename(
9、s) tail -30 /usr/dict/words,head find /export/home/html -name *.html -print | xargs perl -p -i.bak -e “s/Copyright 2004/Copyright 2005/g;”,find,Searches a file for a specified text string and prints all lines that contain that pattern to the screen case sensitive grep option(s) string filename -i Ig
10、nore case of string when searching -v Search for all lines that do not match string grep root /etc/passwd ls -la | grep -i sep 1,grep,Displays a line, word, or character count of a file wc options filename(s) -l Counts lines -w Counts words -C Counts characters grep wang /etc/passwd | wc -l,wc,Finds
11、 differences between text files diff option file1 file2,diff,Summarize disk usage du sk *,du,list the processes currently running on the system /usr/bin/ps -options -e List every process now running -f Generates a full listing -u uidlistProcesses whose real UID or login names are given ps ef | grep
12、telnet /usr/ucb/ps -auwx prstat,ps,Terminate unwanted command processes that you cannot quit in the normal way kill -signal process-id kill 12932 kill -9 12418 sleep 1001 ls % alias ls ls -l % alias copy cp -i % alias % unalias copy,Aliases,Csh:set prompt= value set prompt=hostname: $cwd %“ Bash:PS1
13、= hostname $ export PS1,Custom Prompts,# Starting .cshrc umask 022 setenv CC /usr/local/bin/gcc setenv CCC /usr/local/bin/g+ setenv ORACLE_BASE /tarenaora setenv ORACLE_HOME $ORACLE_BASE/software/9.0.1 setenv ORACLE_SID TARENADB setenv JAVA_HOME /usr/j2se setenv MANPATH /usr/share/man:/usr/man:/usr/
14、share/catman:/usr/catman setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/lib:/usr/dt/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib setenv EDITOR vi set path=(/usr/j2se/bin /usr/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/ucb /usr/ccs/bin /etc .) set history=100 set prompt=hostname ! % alias ll ls -l | more alias make /usr/bin/make,An .cshrc Example,CONFIDENTIAL,S
15、etup Unix Environment for C/C+ Programming,中国北京： 电 话：62136369, 62196102 地 址：海淀区北三环西路18号 中鼎大厦B座701、709 Email： 加拿大多伦多： Tel. : 1-(647) 284-8872 Add.: 106-7 Crescent Place Toronto, Ontario M4C 5L7, Canada,Setting up environment variables for C/C+ programming Using C/C+ compilers to generate object files
16、 and executables Being familiar with C/C+ compiler common options Writing your own make files Getting online help,Goals,CC specifies C compiler CCC specifies C+ compiler PATH specifies path to locate executables LD_LIBRARY_PATH specifies directories from which the linker looks for shared libraries,Environment Variables for C/C+ Programming,Setting up environment variables in .cshrc in user home directory A sample .cshrc file,Setting up Environment Variables for c
