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1、此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。TED英语演讲：给孩子监狱还是大学在美国，有两个机构指引着青少年步入成年：大学和监狱。社会学家Alice花了6年时间与费城的问题邻居相处并且拿到了非裔和拉丁裔青少年是如何步入监狱道路的第一手资料与大家分享。让我们随着她的演讲共同探寻如何正确引导青少年成人和成才的方法，现有阻碍他们健康成长的社会及制度问题，以及我们该如何为青少年的成才缔造良好环境，伸出援手的方法。下面是小编为大家收集关于TED英语演讲：给孩子监狱还是大学，欢迎借鉴参考。演讲者：Alice Goffman中英文对照翻译On the path that
2、 American children travel to adulthood, two institutions oversee the journey. The first is the one we hear a lot about: college. Some of you may remember the excitement that you felt when you first set off for college. Some of you may be in college right now and youre feeling this excitement at this
3、 very moment.美国的孩子们长大成人的道路上，有两个机构在这段旅程上至关重要。第一个是大家经常听到的大学。某些人可能还记得当你第一次进入大学时的兴奋的感觉。你们中的某些可能现在就在大学并且正在享受那份兴奋。College has some shortcomings. Its expensive; it leaves young people in debt. But all in all, its a pretty good path. Young people emerge from college with pride and with great friends and wit
4、h a lot of knowledge about the world. And perhaps most importantly, a better chance in the labor market than they had before they got there.大学有很多弊端 学费昂贵，所以年轻人负债累累 但总而言之，这是一条康庄大道。年轻人从校园毕业，带着自豪与友情。和许多关于这个世界的知识或许更重要的是上大学使得他们能有更好的就业机会。Today I want to talk about the second institution overseeing the jour
5、ney from childhood to adulthood in the United States. And that institution is prison. Young people on this journey are meeting with probation officers instead of with teachers. Theyre going to court dates instead of to class. Their junior year abroad is instead a trip to a state correctional facilit
6、y. And theyre emerging from their 20s not with degrees in business and English, but with criminal records.今天我想讨论的是第二个机构 在美国，贯穿了从童年到成年的整个人生经历 那个机构便是监狱 在这段旅程上,相伴着年轻人的 是感化官而不是教师 去法庭受审而不是去教室上课 他们的大三留学之旅是去州立管教所 当他们20多岁时 没有商科的或英语的学位 有的只是犯罪记录This institution is also costing us a lot, about 40,000 dollars a
7、 year to send a young person to prison in New Jersey. But here, taxpayers are footing the bill and what kids are getting is a cold prison cell and a permanent mark against them when they come home and apply for work.这个机构同样花费甚多 在新泽西，送一个年轻人到监狱的花费 一年要大约4万美元 但是这是纳税人买的单 而孩子们得到的只是一个冰冷的牢房单间 和一个永久的印记，阻碍着他们回
8、归家庭 或者寻找工作There are more and more kids on this journey to adulthood than ever before in the United States and thats because in the past 40 years, our incarceration rate has grown by 700 percent. I have one slide for this talk. Here it is. Heres our incarceration rate, about 716 people per 100,000 in
9、 the population. Heres the OECD countries.越来越多的孩子在这条路上长大成人 尤其在美国，这是因为在过去的四十年里 我们服刑率已经增长了700% 我制作了一张幻灯片 看这儿 这是我们的服刑率 每十万人就有716人服刑 这是其他OECD(经合组织)成员国家的情况Whats more, its poor kids that were sending to prison, too many drawn from African-American and Latino communities so that prison now stands firmly be
10、tween the young people trying to make it and the fulfillment of the American Dream. The problems actually a bit worse than this cause were not just sending poor kids to prison,更为重要的是，被送入监狱的孩子往往 家境贫寒 他们大多来自非裔美国人和拉丁裔社区 以至于监狱成为了想要成功的年轻人 实现美国梦的障碍 问题是事实更为糟糕 因为我们不只是把贫困的孩子送入监狱were saddling poor kids with c
11、ourt fees, with probation and parole restrictions, with low-level warrants, were asking them to live in halfway houses and on house arrest, and were asking them to negotiate a police force that is entering poor communities of color, not for the purposes of promoting public safety, but to make arrest
12、 counts, to line city coffers.我们还给他们加上了许多沉重的枷锁，比如诉讼费的负担 比如感化和假释的限制 比如轻微的犯罪通缉 我们让他们待在过渡教习所或者软禁在家 我们让他们和警察交涉 而当这些警察要进入有色人种的社区 不是为了改善公共安全 而是为了政绩去保证逮捕数量This is the hidden underside to our historic experiment in punishment: young people worried that at any moment, they will be stopped, searched and seize
13、d. Not just in the streets, but in their homes, at school and at work.这就是关于我们印象中的惩戒措施的 不为人知的一面 年轻人总是担心随时会被截停、搜身和逮捕 无论是在街上还是在家 在学校还是在工作I got interested in this other path to adulthood when I was myself a college student attending the University of Pennsylvania in the early 20xxs. Penn sits within a h
14、istoric African-American neighborhood.大约20xx年年初的时候 当时我自己在宾夕法尼亚大学上学 我对这种别样的人生成长轨迹 产生了兴趣 大学坐落在一个历史悠久的非裔社区旁So youve got these two parallel journeys going on simultaneously: the kids attending this elite, private university, and the kids from the adjacent neighborhood, some of whom are making it to coll
15、ege, and many of whom are being shipped to prison.所以在这里你能同时看到两条平行的人生轨迹 一边是在这所精英的私立大学上学的孩子 另外一边是在附近社区的孩子 他们中有一些也在努力去读大学 但是他们中的大多数却身陷囹圄In my sophomore year, I started tutoring a young woman who was in high school who lived about 10 minutes away from the university. Soon, her cousin came home from a ju
16、venile detention center.在我大二的时候，我开始辅导一位高中的年轻姑娘 她住在离大学10分钟路程的地方 不久，她的表弟(堂弟)从少年拘留所回到家He was 15, a freshman in high school. I began to get to know him and his friends and family, and I asked him what he thought about me writing about his life for my senior thesis in college. This senior thesis became a dissertation at Princeton and now a book.他当时15岁，上高中一年级 我开始了解他以及他的朋友们和家庭
