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1、President Bok, former President Rudenstine, incoming President Faust, members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, members of the faculty, parents, and especially, the graduates:校长博克，前任校长鲁登斯坦，接任校长福斯特，校董事会的各位董事，校务监督委员会的各位委员，各位老师，各位家长，特别是，诸位毕业生：Ive been waiting more than 30 years to
2、say this: Dad, I always told you Id come back and get my degree.我一直等了三十多年，现在终于可以说了：“爸，我老跟你说，我会回来拿到我的学位的！”I want to thank Harvard for this timely honor. Ill be changing my job next year and it will be nice to finally have a college degree on my resume.感谢哈佛及时地给我这个荣誉。明年，我就要换工作（译者注：从微软公司退休）我终于可以在简历上写我有一
3、个大学学历，这真是不错啊。I applaud the graduates today for taking a much more direct route to your degrees. For my part, Im just happy that the Crimson has called me Harvards most successful dropout. I guess that makes me valedictorian of my own special class I did the best of everyone who failed.我为在座的各位毕业生而鼓掌，
4、你们拿到学位可比我轻松多了。而我，之所以高兴，是因为哈佛的校报称我是“哈佛大学历史上最成功的辍学生”。我想这大概使我有资格代表我这一类特殊的学生在此致辞在所有的失败者中，我做得最好。But I also want to be recognized as the guy who got Steve Ballmer to drop out of business school. Im a bad influence. Thats why I was invited to speak at your graduation. If I had spoken at your orientation, f
5、ewer of you might be here today.同时，我也想让大家也知道，我就是那个让史蒂夫All of us here in this Yard, at one time or another, have seen human tragedies that broke our hearts, and yet we did nothing not because we didnt care, but because we didnt know what to do. If we had known how to help, we would have acted.此刻身处校园的
6、我们，生命中总有这样或那样的时刻，目睹人类的悲剧，痛彻心扉，但是我们什么也没做并非我们无动于衷，而是因为我们不知道做什么和怎么做。如果我们知道要如何应对，我们将立即行动。The barrier to change is not too little caring; it is too much complexity.需要我们去消除的屏障，并非人类的冷漠无情，而是世界的纷繁复杂。To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see the impact. But complexity block
7、s all three steps.要把关心转为行动，我们需要发现问题，找到方法，评估后果。但是纷繁复杂的世界阻挡了我们的脚步，以上的三个步骤不能得以实施。Even with the advent of the Internet and 24-hour news, it is still a complex enterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane crashes, officials immediately call a press conference. They promise to inve
8、stigate, determine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.即使有了互联网的出现和全天候的新闻播报，要让人们发现问题的真实面貌，仍然是相当艰巨。如果有一架飞机坠毁，政府官员就会立刻召开新闻发布会，他们承诺进行调查，找到原因，防止将来再次发生类似的事故。But if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: Of all the people in the world who died today from preventable causes, on
9、e half of one percent of them were on this plane. Were determined to do everything possible to solve the problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent.但是如果那些官员敢于说真话，他们就会说：“在今天，全世界死于可避免事故中的所有人，只有0.5%的人在这次飞机事故中罹难。我们决心尽一切努力，彻底调查这0.5%的死亡原因。”The bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the
10、 millions of preventable deaths.显然，更重要的问题不是这次空难，而是其他几百万可避免的死亡事件。We dont read much about these deaths. The media covers whats new and millions of people dying is nothing new. So it stays in the background, where its easier to ignore. But even when we do see it or read about it, its difficult to keep
11、our eyes on the problem. Its hard to look at suffering if the situation is so complex that we dont know how to help. And so we look away.对这些死亡事件，我们知之甚少。媒体总是报告新闻，但是几百万人将要死去并非新闻。新闻是在事件的幕后，这很容易被忽视。即使我们确实目睹了事件的真相或者看到了相关报道，我们也很难持续去关注这些事件。问题是如此之复杂，我们也束手无策，要直面这样的灾难就显得相当困难，所以我们就对此视而不见，置若罔闻。If we can really
12、see a problem, which is the first step, we come to the second step: cutting through the complexity to find a solution.就算我们真正能发现问题，也不过是迈出了第一步，接着还有第二步：那就是，从这个复杂的世界中走出一条捷径，找到解决问题的办法。Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If we have clear and proven answers anytime an
13、organization or individual asks How can I help?, then we can get action and we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path of action for everyone who cares and that makes it hard for their caring to matter.如果我们要让关心落到实处，我们就必须找到解决问题的方法。一旦我们
14、有一个明确可行的方案，那么无论何时，当任何组织和个人来询问“我该怎么提供帮助”的时候，我们就能采取行动。这样，我们就充分发挥全世界人类对他人的关爱之情。但是，纷繁的世界使得我们很难找出一条适合每一位善者的行动方针，这样一来，人类对他人的关爱往往很难奏效。Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable stages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal technology for t
15、hat approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already have whether its something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.要从这个复杂的世界中走出一条捷径，找到解决问题的办法，可以分为以下四个步骤：确定目标，找到最高效的方法，发现适用于这个方法的最理想的技术，同时最聪明地利用现有的技术不管这项技术是复杂如药物，还是简单如蚊帐。The AI
16、DS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the disease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology would be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So governments, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is likely to take more than a de
