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1、Reading Comprehension,五种材料 说明文、记叙文、议论文、描写文、应用文 (尤其是新闻报道),六种题型,主旨类 态度类 细节类 推理类 词汇类 指代类,主旨类,(1)What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ? (2)What does this passage mainly (primarily) concerned ? (3)The main theme of this passage is _. (4)The main point of the passage is_. (5)Which of the follow
2、ing is the best title for the passage ?,(6)The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is _. (7)On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found in a textbook ? (8)The purpose of the writer in writing this passage _. (9)Which of the following best describes the pas
3、sage as a whole ?,应对策略,跳读（skimming） 文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。主旨应该是宏观的，但又不能失之空泛。 英语文章总分总的原则 从前不从后的原则,态度类,(1)Whats the writers attitude to ? (2)Whats the tone of the passage? (3)The authors view is _ (4)The writers attitude of .this passage is apparently _- (5)The author suggests that _ (6)According to autho
4、r _,应对策略,有的文章观点明确，基调清楚，这时跳读（skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。而另一些则需要阅读时对某些细节仔细琢磨。尤其应注意有些表明作者观点词汇，如形容词、副词等。文章最后一两段为重点。 optimistic, pessimistic, critical, appreciative, humorous, serious,细节类,(1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? (2) Which of the following is ment
5、ioned in the passage? (3) What is the example of . . . as described in the passage? (4) The author mentions all of the following except . . . (5) The reason for . . .is . . . (6) The author states that . . . (7) According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc. ) .,应对策略,寻读（scanning）出现关键词的相应
6、段落， 四个答案中相同的词即为关键词。 仔细对比答案与文中相应细节。,推理类,(1)The writer implies but not directly states that_. (2) It can be inferred from the passage that_. (3) The author strongly suggests that_ . (4) It can be concluded from the passage that_. (5) The passage is intended to_ . (6)The writer indicates that_ .,应对策略,推
7、理类题，可能是针对文章整体也可能是针对某个细节。如果是前者，跳读（skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。即可得出答案。如果是后者，寻读（scanning）相应段落并仔细研读相应细节。,词汇类,(1)According to the author ,the word “ means _. (2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to ? (3)The term .in paragraph can be best replaced by . (4)Whats the meaning of in line of paragrap
8、h.? (5)As used in the line , the word refers to _.,应对策略,寻读（scanning）定位相关词的出处。根据上下文与词的构造来猜测。最好将四个选项带回文中，看看哪一个最合适。即使不是生词，也应当作生词来猜。,指代类,(1)What does “it” refers to in Line 2, Paragraph 5? (2)What does “they” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2? (3) What does “their” satnd for in Line 3, Paragraph 2? (4) W
9、hat does “its” refer to in Line 3, Paragraph 2?,应对策略,寻读（scanning），定位相关代词的出处， 离它最近且单复数一致的名词即是。 注意英语中“they”既可指代人也可指代物。,专四常考语法点：一、主从句结构,何为主，何为从。做题时考生需要首先判断原题中已经给出的句子结构，如果已经有一个主句，那么就绝对不能够再出现另一个主句，除非中间有连接词进行联系。 1：_ , work songs often exhibit the song culture of a people in a fundamental form. (A) They oc
10、cur where they are (B) Occurring where (C) Where they occur (D) Where do they occur,2: _Indiana is in a rich farming and dairy area, it is primarily a diversified industrial center (A) Fort Wayne (B) Although Fort Wayne (C) For wayne is in (D) Fort Wayne, in,二、谓语动词,正常句子中不可能没有谓语动词，句子可能存在一个谓语动词。 并列谓语动
11、词中间一定存在连接词。谓语动词有时态、数、人称的变化，与主语搭配。其他动词要非谓语化。 1：William Walkers mural, “Wall of Respect,” _an outdoor wall in Chicago, deals with social issues. (A) covers (B) covers it (C) which covers (D) which it covers,2：In copper engravings and etchings, _caused by the edges of the plate is clearly visible on th
12、e paper. (A) the impression is (B) if the impression is (C) impressions (D) the impression,三、平行结构,1：The technique of recording, classifying, and_ is known as accounting. (A) an enterprises transactions summary (B) the summarizing of an enterprises transactions (C) transactions of an enterprise are s
13、ummarized (D) summarizing the transactions of an enterprise,2. Louis T. Wright, a surgeon, developed ingenious orthopedic braces, _, and supervised the first use of Aureomycin on human patients. (A) treating skull fractures that he pioneered in (B) pioneered in treating skull fractures (C) which pio
14、neered in treating skull fractures (D) he was a pioneer in the treatment of skull fractures,四、宾语从句结构,state(陈述，表明)+that indicate(指明,表明)+that 1：The quantum theory states _ , such as light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta or photons. (A) energy that (B) that it is energy
15、(C) it is energy (D) that energy,2：Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate_ yield when unusual weight is placed on them. (A) although its crust and mantle (B) its crust and mantle to (C) that its crust and mantle (D) for its crust and mantle to,五、介词+ which结构,技巧：“which”后面一定加一个缺主语或者宾语的句子，因为
16、“which”在这个句子中作了宾语或者主语成分。 “介词+ which”后面则跟一个完整的句子，因为”介词+which”整个结构在定语从句中作状语。,1：In the United States, a primary election is a method _voters select the nominees for public office. (A) that (B) by which (C) is that (D) by those,2: Croquet is a popular lawn game _ players hit wooden balls through wire arches called wickers. (A) when (B) which (C)
