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1、优秀文档，精彩无限！优质文档，精彩无限！人教版高中英语第一册三单元知识点归纳Unit1-3【词汇精粹】1. argue vt.& vi. 争论、辩论、说服。1)用作不及物动词时,构成的搭配是:argue about(on/over), 为而争论;argue against为反对 而争论;argue for 为赞成 而争论;argue with与争论。2) argue 用作及物动词时,后面常接 the matter, the point, the question 之类的名词作宾语,还可以跟 that 引导的宾语从句。quarrel 既是名词也是动词,表示争吵、 吵架。常用于 : quarrel
2、 with sb.和某人争吵;quarrel about sth.为而吵架;quarrel with sb. about/ over sth./ have a quarrel with sb. over / about sth.因某事和某人吵架。2. realize vt. 认识;明白;实现。例 :I didnt realize this until you told me. 直到你告诉了我才认识到这一点。Finally I realized what he meant.最后我明白了他的意思。In the end he realized his hope for being an artist
3、. 最后他实现了当艺术家的意愿。come true 也可以表示实现 ,但它是一个不及物动词短语,而 realize 是及物动词。To his joy, his dream of being/ becoming a soldier will come true/ will be realized.使他高兴的是,他成为一名士兵的愿望将要实现。3. share vt.& vi.分担;分享 ;共同具有/使用。1)share 用作及物动词时后常跟名词作宾语,构成的搭配有:share sth. with sb.与某人共享。例:They share all housework, including wash
4、ing, cooking and looking after their child.他们分担所有家务,包括洗衣,做饭,看孩子。2)share 作不及物动词时的搭配是: share in.共享。例:She shares in my troubles as well as my joys. 她与我同甘共苦。3)share 有时还作名词讲 ,是 一份,份额。例:We must do our share for our country. 我们必须为国家做出一份贡献。4. admit vt. 允许进入(地区或场地)、可容纳、容许以及承认 等意思。作允许,进入用时 ,其句型搭配是 : admit sb.
5、/sth. into/ to。例: He opened the door and admitted me into his house. 他开门让我进屋。优秀文档，精彩无限！优质文档，精彩无限！admit 还有 可容纳之意时,可以跟数词、引申为 容许、 有余地,后常跟 of引起的介词短语。例:This work admits of no delay. 这项工作不允许拖延。admit 作 承认解时,后面可以跟名词、动名词、名词性从句以及由to be +adj.作补足语的复合宾语。例:Finally they had to admit defeat. 最后他们不得不承认失败。She admitte
6、d having done wrong.她承认做错了事。5. majority n. 大多数;大部分。当 the majority 作主语时,谓语动词可以是单数,也可以是复数。但当the majority of + n. 做主语时,谓语动词由后面的名词来决定。例: The majority were/ was against the plan.大多数人反对这个计划。The majority of the books are kept upstairs.大多数书籍放在楼上。The majority of the money is spent on books. 大多钱都花在了书上。6. but
7、与 howeverbut 与 however 都可以作但是、可是讲。但 but 是并列连词,在结构上将两个分句连接起来,上句与下句在意义上构成对比,but 后的分句常常是上句意思的转折。however 是一个副词 ,在句中位置灵活,在句中常用逗号与其它部分分开,可置于句首、句中和句末。例:It is not in July but in June that the national examination takes place. 全国统考不在七月而在六月举行。He knocked and knocked, but no one came to answer the door. 他敲了又敲,但
8、没人开门。It was very cold. However, he went swimming. 天很冷但他还是去游泳了。It was raining hard. However, I should go to work. 虽然天正下雨,可是我应该去工作。I hate concerts. I will go to this one, however. 我不喜欢音乐会。可我要去参加这场音乐会。7. trip , journey, voyage, tour1) trip 多指包括回程的短距离的旅行。可陆路,可水路。make a trip=make a journey 表示作旅行。have a t
9、rip 也是作旅行,be on a trip 表示 在旅行 ,go on a trip 表示 去旅行。2) journey 多指远距离陆上旅行。a journey for three days=a three days journey 三天的行程。come/go/send sb.on a journey 去/来旅行/送某人旅行。3) voyage(长途的)航行、航海,make a voyage 作航行。4) travel 作名词,表示旅行(用单数形式,不加不定冠词 )。例:优秀文档，精彩无限！优质文档，精彩无限！Travel is valuable because it gives us a
10、knowledge of foreign people. 游历是有价值的,因为它使得我们了解国外人民的情况。指游历、游记常用复数,但前不加 many 或数字修饰(类似的词语有 clothes)。travels 尤指国外的旅游,游历到远方的旅行。例:Do you like books of travels(books of travel)?5) tour 周游,指周游若干地方,有一定的旅行路线,最后又回到起程地点。8. difficulty n. 困难,艰难。可用作可数和不可数名词,作具体困难时,是可数名词。例:In face of so many difficulties, he never
11、appeared to be afraid. 面对。,他毫不害怕。在下列句型中,总作不可数名词用。have difficulty in / there be difficulty (trouble / problem) in doing sth. / find difficultyin, in 可以省略。例:Unless you work hard, youll have much difficulty passing the maths test. 除非你努力学习,你将很难通过数学考试。9. consider 的用法见第 3 期。10. prefer 的用法见第 9 期。11. nature
12、 n. 1)自然 (界);本质,天性提示:nature(自然)前不加冠词,类似的还有 room(空间), space ( 太空), trade (商业,贸易)等。例 :You must know the laws of nature.你必须了解自然界的法则。Habit is second nature. 习惯成自然。2)固定搭配 :in nature 在自然界 against nature 违背自然 (规律)12. mean. v.1)含有 意指,意欲之意,后跟名词 ,短语或句子。注意,mean to do 打算做;而mean doing 意为意味着。例:What do you mean by
13、 saying so?你这么说是什么意思?He had always meant to get it mended.他总是想让人把它修一下。2)means 是方式,方法 之意。当作主语时,其谓语动词的单复数形式要根据句子的具体含义而定。by means of 用某办法;借助于某事物。例:He does well in exams by means of practice. 他通过练习考试考得很好。By no means will he give up the chance. 无论如何他也不会放弃这个机会。 【句型精析】1. I am not sure if . 我不确定是否。优秀文档，精彩无限
14、！优质文档，精彩无限！1) be sure 后常跟 that / if / whether 等引起的从句,表示某人 确信/肯定某事。例:Jack was not sure if / whether they could come. 杰克不能肯定他们是否能来。 2) be sure 后还可以跟介词 of / about,意思是确信,有把握, 后跟名词、代词或V+ing 形式,表示某人对客观事物有肯定的认识与判断。例: Im sure of his success.我相信他会成功。3) 若用否定式,则句式为:sb. be not sure 。例: I think so but Im not qui
15、te sure.我想是这样,但不十分确定。2. so. that 和 such. that 句型adj. /adv.(1)so + adj.+a+n. +that.many / much / few / little +n.adj.+可数名词复数(2)such+ adj.+不可数名词 +that.a(an)+adj. + n. He ran so fast that I couldnt catch up with him. 他跑得如此快 ,我赶不上他。 This is such an interesting book(so interesting a book) that I have read it twice. 这是如此有趣的一本书,我把它看了两遍。 It was such fine weather that they went out for a picnic. 天气这么好,他们都出去野餐了。 They are such good teachers that all of the students love them. 他们是如此好的老师,全体学生都喜欢他们。3. However, . do not have any difficulty in understandi
