《“星战”机器人就在你身边.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《“星战”机器人就在你身边.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、“星战”机器人就在你身边可以毫不夸张地说，星球大战系列中的机器人在文化上产生了巨大的影响。即使并非星战死忠粉的人可能也会记得C-3PO、R2-D2和美国导演乔治?卢卡斯（George Lucas）创造的多姿多彩的宇宙空间里的许多其他机器人。这一系列科幻电影让我们得以一窥机器人在未来世界的可能用途，但是，我们离制造出真正的R2-D2到底有多近呢？实际上，一些与星战系列中相似的科技业已问世，星球大战中最令人难忘的几种机器人在现实世界中业已有了与它们相对应的版本。 Whats the difference between a droid and a robot？ Besides droid bein
2、g a term trademarked by George Lucas， droids， as portrayed on film， have far more independence and intelligence than most robots that exist today. While some robots have a limited artificial intelligence （AI） that allows them to make lower-function decisions， most require direct commands from a huma
3、n in order to work.While many researchers are trying to develop AI that can handle more-complex problem solving and can adapt to different environments， the world is still a long way from having a robot with the same level of intelligence as R2-D2. Still， the field of robotics has made significant g
4、ains.同样是机器人，droid和robot有什么区别？除了“droid”这个词是乔治?卢卡斯的标志之外，按照电影中的描述，droids远比现存的大多数robots都更加独立，并拥有更高的智能。虽然有些robots具有的有限的人工智能让它们可以自行做出较为低功能的决定，但它们大多需要人类的直接指令才能工作。尽管有许多研究人员在努力研制能够解决更加复杂的问题并适应不同环境的人工智能机器人，但是距离制造出与R2-D2拥有同等智力水平的机器人还有很长一段路要走。不过，人们在机器人研发领域还是取得了长足的进展。Driving DroidsIf you were one of the millions
5、 who rode the Star Tours ride at Disneyland before 2011， you may remember RX-24， the pilot droid tasked with flying riders to the forest moon of Endor. However， things go awry2） during the ride after RX-24 gets caught in a fight between the Rebels and the Empire.While RX-24 was a terrible pilot， dev
6、elopers are currently working on creating a robot that can actually handle the perils3） of driving and flying. For example， Google is testing a self-driving car that can operate safely and autonomously in regular traffic. The vehicle uses laser technology and a system of sensors to generate a 3D map
7、 of its environment， which enables the car to drive itself.The AI is a work in progress， and Googles driverless car still requires a backup human driver to ride along and make sure nothing goes wrong. But if tests go well， self-driving cars could rule the streets in the near future.Medical DroidsIn
8、Star Wars Episode V： The Empire Strikes Back， a 2-1B medical droid nurses Luke Skywalker back to health by keeping him in a tank full of a substance that can rapidly heal wounds. While this material， called bacta in the film， and the 2-1B droid are not real， advancements in medical technology are in
9、troducing robots into doctors offices and hospitals.For example， engineers at ?colePolytechnique de Montral have been working on creating microbots that can roam4） the human body and perform delicate tasks， such as clearing arteries， sealing wounds and exploring the artery system.In the movie， the 2
10、-1B has an independent AI， meaning it can function much like a human doctor. While existing robots do not have sophisticated AI that enables them to stand in for5） real physicians， many devices have been built to allow doctors to attend to6） patients remotely. The Robotic Nursing Assistant， for inst
11、ance， helps physicians use extremely accurate tools to treat their patients， while the other telemedicine assistants let doctors virtually care for their patients， even across great distances.Astromech DroidsWho doesnt love R2-D2？ In the Star Wars universe， this small robot has more functions than a
12、 Swiss Army knife， and more personality than a robot that speaks only in beeps and boops should have. R2-D2 is known as an astromech droid， which is a type of multifunctional robot that can respond to a diverse range of problems.While its easy to build a working replica7） of R2-D2， there are no R2 u
13、nits that truly function as they were imagined in the Star Wars films. The closest thing is a bot developed by NASA in 2006 to perform maintenance in microgravity. The so-called SPHERE is a bot that helps astronauts with docking operations， along with satellite servicing， assembly and emergency repa
14、irs. The bot resembles the training droid that Luke Skywalker fights in Star Wars Episode IV： A New Hope， but has the functionality of an R2 unit.Protocol8） DroidsR2-D2 never goes anywhere without his neurotic9） friend C-3PO， who can act as servant， translator or companion. Unlike R2， C-3PO is desig
15、ned for the explicit purpose of understanding humanoids and communicating with them.The most famous real-life humanoid bot is Hondas Asimo， a bipedal10） robot designed to move similarly to humans and resemble them in other ways. Asimo can physically respond to human actions as well as respond to hum
16、an voices. The robot performs a variety of functions， including playing soccer， gesturing， reading faces and moving around in its environment. Asimo has limited language abilities， and can only respond to audible commands with short phrases and physical gestures.If you want something with more conversational ability， look to Japans Otonaroid. This android is one of two bots that have been hired to work in Tokyos Nationa
