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1、To Helen,Edgar Allan Poe,Edgar Allan Poe was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is generally considered
2、 the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction.,About Helen-海伦,海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿,她是那个时代最漂亮的女子.还在当姑娘的时候,她被忒修斯劫持抢走.后来由两位兄长重新把她夺回来.她跟随继父斯巴达国王廷达瑞俄斯长大. 之后，她嫁给了墨涅拉俄斯（亚各斯人的国王）。海伦给他生下一个女儿。后来，墨涅拉俄斯外出。海伦一个人在宫殿里很孤寂。一次外出中，她在阿尔忒弥斯神庙遇见帕拉斯王
3、子。两人相爱了。于是，王子就把海伦“劫持”到了自己的国家。也就是这件事，引发了著名的特洛伊战争。,The background information,Poe wrote To Helen as a reflection on the beauty of Mrs.Jane Stith Stanard who died in 1824.She was the mother of one of Poes school classmates who was said to have urged him to write this poem, and she was Poes first real l
4、ove. 在中学时代，爱伦.坡曾经热切地眷恋过一位同学的母亲，一个温柔娴静、知书达理的女人，而这个女人在三十一岁死于脑瘤，无疑给爱伦坡幼小的心灵刻上了终生难愈的创伤。,To Helen-致海伦,Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore往昔， That gently, oer a perfumed sea, The weary, way-worn wanderer bore To his own native shore. On desperate seas long wont to roam游荡, Thy hyacin
5、th风信子 hair, thy classic face, Thy Naiad水仙女 airs have brought me home To the glory that was Greece, And the grandeur that was Rome. Lo! in you brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand, The agate玛瑙 lamp within thy hand! Ah, Psyche普塞克, from the regions whichAre Holy Land!,海伦，你的美貌于我， 有如往日
6、尼西亚的三桅船， 在芬芳的海上悠然浮起， 把劳困而倦游的浪子载还， 回到他故国的港湾。 早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡，你风信子似的秀发， 你闪烁着古典美的面庞，你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡，重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。 看！那明亮的窗龛中间， 我见你象一座神像站立， 玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里， 哦！普赛克 ，你所来自的地方 原是那遥远的圣地！,Hyperbole 夸张 海伦的美让大海也变得“芬芳四溢”。,Simile 明喻 海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船”，乍一看去，三桅船并非常见的美的喻体，但在爱伦坡看来，两者的共通之处在于它们都能将疲惫的水手带回家乡。,Analysis,Helen, thy beau
7、ty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore， That gently, oer a perfumed sea, The weary, way-worn wanderer bore To his own native shore.,Alliteration 头韵 weary”，“way-worn”和“wanderer”都是以w开头的单词。诗人通过头韵将水手的疲惫形象活灵活现地展现出来.,Poe, in referring to Helen, may be alluding to the Greek goddess of light or Helen o
8、f Troy who is considered to be the most beautiful woman who ever lived, though there is not enough information given to determine for certain. He also makes a reference to Psyche, a beautiful princess who became the lover of Cupid. The agate lamp refers to the time when Psyche discovered the true id
9、entity of Cupid.,In To Helen, Poe is celebrating the nurturing power of woman. Poe was inspired in part by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, particularly in the second line (Like those Nicean barks of yore) which resembles a line in Coleridges Youth and Age (Like those trim skiffs, unknown of yore). Poe revi
10、sed the poem in 1845, making several improvements, most notably changing the beauty of fair Greece, and the grandeur of old Rome to the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome. Poe scholar Jeffrey Meyers referred to these as two of Poes finest and most famous lines.,Original 1831 versio
11、n Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore, That gently, oer a perfumd sea, The weary way-worn wanderer bore To his own native shore. On desperate seas long wont to roam, Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face, Thy Naiad airs have brought me home To the beauty of fair Greece, And the
12、grandeur of old Rome. Lo ! in that little window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand! The folded scroll within thy hand A Psyche from the regions which Are Holy land !,Revised 1845 version Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicean barks of yore That gently, oer a perfumed sea, The weary, way-w
13、orn wanderer bore To his own native shore. On desperate seas long wont to roam, Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face, Thy Naiad airs have brought me home To the glory that was Greece, And the grandeur that was Rome. Lo, in yon brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand, The agate lamp wi
14、thin thy hand, Ah! Psyche, from the regions which Are Holy Land!,“风信子般的头发，典雅的面庞,水仙女般的风姿带我回到昨日希腊的光荣， 和往昔罗马的盛况。,在第二节中，诗人进一步描写了海伦的美丽,On desperate seas long wont to roam, Thy hyacinth hair, thy classic face, Thy Naiad airs have brought me home To the glory that was Greece, And the grandeur that was Rome
15、,Parallelism and Metaphor,Simile 看！那明亮的窗龛中间， 我见你象一座神像站立，,在第三节诗中，诗人的描写的对象从海伦转到了普赛克（Psyche）一个可以与海伦媲美的公主。,在希腊神话中，普赛克公主，美丽绝伦。他是爱神厄洛斯之妻，厄洛斯禁止她看见自己的模样，而普赛克因好奇在夜晚举灯看丈夫的模样，灯油滴到爱神脸上唤醒了他，普塞克因此被丈夫逐出家门。,Lo! in you brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand, The agate lamp within thy hand! Ah, Psych
16、e, from the regions whichAre Holy Land!,The Theme,The beauty of a woman with whom Poe became acquainted when he was 14.Apparently she treated him kindly and may have urged him or perhaps inspired him to write poetry. Beauty,as Poe uses the word in the poem ,appears to refer to the womans body as well as her soul.,On the one hand ,he represents her as Helen of Troythe quintessence（典范 ）of physical beauty-at the beginning of this poem. On the other hand ,he represents her as Psyche
