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1、精品资源初中试炼Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.【重点短语】1. clean up打扫 Clean-Up Day 清洁日2. an old peoples home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 过去常常.5. care for 关心;照顾6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在.岁时8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋10. give out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出
2、;提出12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为工作;为. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如;例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与.相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与相似26. set up 建立;
3、设立27. disabled people 残疾人 28. make a difference 影响;有作用 29. be able to 能够 30. after-school reading program 课外阅读项目【重点句型】1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morn
4、ing. 每周六上午，他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5. You can see in their eyes that theyre going on a different journey with each new book. 从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal
5、 hospital until next summer. 我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money. 现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Luck. 在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。【重点句型解析】1. They told me stories about the past and how things u
6、sed to be.used to do sth.是一个固定结构，意思是“过去经常做某事”，后面用动词原形，表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。例如：肯定句： I used to play with my friends after school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。 否定句： You didnt use to like pop songs.=You usednt to like pop songs. 你过去不喜欢流行歌曲。 一般疑问句：Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister
7、to be quiet? 你的过去常常是很安静吗? there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河常常有许多鱼。【拓展】(1) be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”，是动词短语use to do的被动语态结构。例如： Knives are used to cut things.小刀是用来切东西的。(2) be used to doing something意思是“习惯于做某事”，to后接动词-ing形式。例如： My father is used to living in the
8、 village. 我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。2. I take after my mother. take after意为“像;与相像”，指由于血缘关系而(在外貌、性格等方面)相似;相当于be similar to，其中after是介词，其后常接名词或代词。例如： Your daughter doesnt take after you at all. 你女儿长得一点都不像你。【拓展】(1) look like意为“看上去像”，多指外貌。例如： You look like my brother. 你和我弟弟长得像。(2) be like意为“像”，可指外貌，也可指性格。例如： What is y
9、our sister like? 你的性格怎么样?3. Ive run out of it.(1) run out of意为“用完，用尽”，相当于use up。例如： We have run out of paper.我们的纸用完了。(2) run out“用完了”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为表示“时间、食物、金钱等”词;而run out of意为“用完了”，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人。例如： Youd better go home before your money runs out. 你最好别等钱花光再回家。 We ran out of coal, and had to
10、 burn wood. 我们的煤用光了，只好烧柴。4. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. make a difference to 意为“(对)产生影响”。difference前面可加修饰词，如big, great等;to是介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。例如： Education can make a big difference to the quality of a persons life. 教育对一个人的生活质量有很大影响。 The accident has made a great difference to his life. 这
11、次事故对他的人生产生了重大影响。 One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，谬以千里。【拓展】make no difference to意为“对没有影响”。例如： It makes no difference to me. 这对我没什么影响。5. I was excited about the idea of having a dog. be excited about意为“对感到兴奋、激动”。例如： I was excited about going to the zoo. 去动物园令我兴奋。【拓展】 be excited to do
12、 sth. 意为“对做某事感到兴奋”。例如： Jack was excited to travel there by plane. 杰克对于乘飞机去那里旅行感到很兴奋。【单元语法讲解】动词不定式一、作主语为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正主语-动词不定式后置。常用句型:It takes sb. some time to do sth.It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth. .(此句型注意使用介词for和of的区别:用“for”时表示“对于某人来说，估某事是怎样的”，此时的形容词修饰sth;用“of 时表示“某人做某事，某人是怎样的”，此时的形
13、容词修饰sb.)。例如：It took me three hours to finish my homework.Its difficult for me to finish this alone.Its kind of you to help me when I was in trouble.二、作宾语agree ; offer ; intend， plan ; help; prepare ; decide ; refuse ;choose ; wish, hope, want, expect ; fail ; demand， ask (要求); promise(答应); pretend (
14、假装); dare (敢于);manage (设法做成); determine (决心)等后面常接动词不定式作宾语。记忆口诀同意提出做计划，要求答应 来帮忙。准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望。不能做到莫假装，设法 做成决心强。例如：I plan to go to Sydney together with my parents next week.“have/has+ sth. + to do或“enough+名词+to do “Its time to do sth.等结构。例如：I have something important to do.Its time to tidy up your o
15、wn room.三、作宾语补足语tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call invite sb. to do sth.结构。注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to:一感(feel)二听(listen to, hear)三让:(let, make, have)四看(look at, see, watch, notice)半帮助(help)例如：Thank you for helping me carry my bag.四、动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加inorder(to)或soas (to)“为了，目的是”。常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。五、固定句式中动词不定式的用法常见的形式有:had better (not) do sth.最好(不)做.Would you like to do st
