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1、语法系列六,名词性从句,名词性从句 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 名词性从句的语序： 连词（连接代词、连接副词）+ 主语 + 谓语,1.主语从句 功能：在复合句中充当主句的主语。 位置：通常位于句首。 引导词：连词that, whether;连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。 说明：当主语从句较长时，通常用形式主语it来替换主语从句，而把从句放在句末。 eg) Whether we will visit the Great Wall tomorrow has
2、not been decided. = It has not been decided whether we will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.,2.宾语从句 功能：在复合句中充当动词或介词的宾语。 位置：位于及物动词或介词后面。 引导词：连词that, whether, if;连接代词who, whose, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。 eg) 1. Can you imagine what will happen next? 2. Whether we will succeed depends on ho
3、w we make use of our time.,3.表语从句 功能：在复合句中充当主句的表语。 位置：位于系动词后面。 引导词：连词that, whether, as if;连接代词who, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。 eg) 1. The question is why we must do it. 2. It looks as if its going to rain.,4.同位语从句 功能：在复合句中起同位语的作用。 位置：位于某些名词（如fact, idea, news, promise等）的后面。 引导词：连词that, wh
4、ether;连接代词who, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。 eg) 1. The whole country was excited at the news that their football team had won the World Cup. 2. I have no idea when he will be back.,名词性从句的主要考点 1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别 2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别 3.that与whether引导名词性从句的区别 4.who与whoever引导名词性从句的区别 5.t
5、hat引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别,1.what与that引导名词性从句的区别 what在所引导的名词性从句中要充当句子成分(通常作主语和宾语,有时也作表语);that在所引导的名词性从句中不充当句子成分。 eg) 1. What he does is quite different from what he says. 2. He is no longer what he was ten years ago. 3. Its a pity that you didnt turn up at the party last night.,2.if与whether引导名词性从句的区别 if与wh
6、ether所引导的从句在充当及物动词的宾语时，通常可以互换。如： I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. 但在下面三种情况中一般不用if引导名词性从句。 1）引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时； 2）引导的从句充当介词宾语时； 3）与or或or not连用时。 eg) 1. The question is whether they can continue doing like that. 2. It makes no difference whether he will come or not.,3.that与whether引导名词性从句
7、的区别 that在引导名词性从句时，表示确定的情况；whether在引导名词性从句时，表示不确定的情况。 eg) 1. There is no doubt that they will win the game. 2. There is still some doubt whether they will win the game.,4.who与whoever引导名词性从句的区别 who引导的名词性从句指一件事，whoever引导的名词性从句指人。 eg) 1. Who will attend the meeting has not been decided yet. 2. Whoever w
8、ill attend the meeting please sign your name in the form. =Those who will attend the meeting please sign your names in the form.,5.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别 that在所引导的名词性从句中不充当句子成分；而在所引导的定语从句中要充当句子成分。 eg) 1. Have you heard the news that another oil field was found in China?（同位语从句） 2. Have you heard the ne
9、ws that/which was broadcast on the radio just now?（定语从句）,名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录） 1. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.（2008北京卷） A. whichB. that C. whatD. who 2. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the
10、Water Park.（2008天津卷） A. whereB. how C. whenD. why,C,C,名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录） 3. When asked _ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. （2008湖南卷） A. whatB. why C. whomD. which 4. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?（2008陕西卷） A.
11、whatB. which C. thatD. where,A,D,名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录） 5. People in Chongqing are proud of _ they have achieved in the past ten years.（2008重庆卷） A. thatB. which C. whatD. how 6. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home.（2008浙江卷
12、） A. whatB. that C. whichD. one,C,A,名词性从句练习一（2008年全国各地高考试题摘录） 7. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福建卷） A. ItB. What C. AsD. Which 8. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.（2008山东卷） A. ItB. This C. WhatD. As,B,C,名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高
13、考试题摘录） 1. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?（2009全国卷） A. whoB. what C. whoeverD. whatever 2. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better. （2009北京卷） A. whenB. how C. whyD. if,C,D,名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录） 3. She is very
14、 dear to us. We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life.（2009湖南卷） A. whicheverB. however C. whateverD. whoever 4. The how-to book can be of help to _ wants to do the job.（2009陕西卷） A. whoB. whomever C. no matter whoD. whoever,C,D,名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录） 5. We should consider the studen
15、ts request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.（2009重庆卷） A. thatB. when C. whichD. where 6. A good friend of mine from _ I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.（2009安徽卷） A. howB. whom C. whenD. which,A,C,名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录） 7. It is obvious to th
16、e students _ they should get well prepared for their future.（2009天津卷） A. asB. which C. whetherD. that 8. Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decision - marriage - almost entirely up to luck. （2009江苏卷） A. asB. that C. whichD. what,D,D,名词性从句练习二（2009年全国各地高考试题摘录） 9. -Is there any possibility _ you could p
