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1、深圳小学英语语法汇总1精品文档There be 句型1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2. 结构： (1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。eg. There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and many students i
2、n our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。3. There be句型与have的区别： (1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。 eg. He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。 There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。 (2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，
3、There be 句型与其可互换。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。 变脸一：否定句 There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on
4、the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. 变脸二：一般疑问句 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可，此为调整法。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何改头换面的吧： There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish
5、 in the water. Are there any fish in the water? 变脸三：特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Whos+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用Whats + 介词短语?。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问
6、：提问地点当然用Where is / are+主语?啦！例如： There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？不定冠词（indefinite articles） a/an 的用法不定冠词最基本的用途就是用来表示“一”这概念，如： A st
7、itch in time saves nine. Jason is an internationally known scholar.此外，a/an 还有下列 6 种用途：常和time、measurement等有关的名词连用，以表示“每” 的概念，如： I teach five days a week. This type of vegetables is sold at one dollar a kilo. My car usually runs sixty kilometres an hour.常和 hundred, thousand, dozen 以及数目及数量连用，如： That fa
8、ctory turns out at least a hundred tyres a day. Noels monthly salary is a thousand dollars. I have a number of sponsored students. Mary has a lot of money.在“of / at”后面出现，以表示“同一类”这概念，如： Birds of a feather flock together.11. Please come one at a time.12. Things of a kind come together, so do people of
9、 a mind.常在“rather, quite, many, half, what, such”等字后面出现，形成固定用法，如：13. Tom is rather a fool.14. I think Chinese is quite a useful language.15. Many a student has asked that question.16. The visitor left half an hour ago.17. What a fine day it is!18. How can you say such a thing?用在“so, as, too, how +形容
10、词”这些结构里，如：19. We have not had so hot a day before.20. Susan is as clever a girl as Anna.21. That is too difficult a book for beginners.22. No one knew how serious a problem it was until later.出现在许多惯用语中，如：23. Bob always has a bone to pick with others.24. Some students turned a deaf ear to the teacher
11、s advice.25. All must learn a language with an eye to mastering it.26. I hope you will make an effort to attend the meeting punctually.27. Jason has an aversion to being idle.28. The news of Jacks sudden resignation came as a bolt from the blue.基数词，序数词一、 数词的分类 1. 基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下： A从110 one，two
12、，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten B从 1119 eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen 这里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen， eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。 C从 2199 整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，si
13、xty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six D百位数 个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight E千位数以上 从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加 thousand，第二个“，”前面的数字后添加 milli
14、on，第三个“，”前的数字后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。 2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 5,237,166,234 five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-four F基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式出现。 There are hundreds of people in the hall 大厅里有数以百计的人。 Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum ofQin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day 每天有成千上万的人来参观秦
