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1、数词的译法,Translation of Numerals,不管三七二十一 casting all caution to the winds; regardless of the consequences; recklessly 三思而后行 Look before you leap 九死一生 A narrow escape from death 以五十步笑百步 The pot calls the kettle black.,Ill love you three score and ten. 我会爱你一生一世。 He has one hundred and one things to do to
2、day. 他今天有很多事情要做。 He intended to take an opportunity this afternoon of speaking to Irene. A word in time saves nine. 他打算今天下午找个机会和艾琳谈谈,关键时刻说上一句话就可以省却将来许多口舌。 We may have lost but Im proud to say that everyone on this team gave 110 percent. 我们可能失败了,但可以自豪地说,本队各位都尽了十二分的努力。,确定的数量,1、用阿拉伯数字表示的较小的数量，可直译。 The
3、range of sound audible by man is from 20 to 20,000 vibrations per second. 人类能听到的声音的音域是2020, 000 赫兹每秒。,2、对于用阿拉伯数字或文字表示的较大的数量，应换算成汉语的“万”、“亿”等来表示。 There may be as many as 100,000 different sorts of proteins in a mans body. 人体内不同种类的蛋白质高达十万(10万)种。 Halleys Comet had a tail 94 million miles long when it vi
4、sited here in 1910. 当哈雷彗星在1910年出现时，其尾部长达九千四百万（9400万）英里。 9千4百万英里,不定数量的译法,1. 在number, lot, score, decade, dozen, ten, hundred, thousand, million等词后加复数后缀-s. These books are packed in tens. 这些书每十本装一包。 tens of magazines 几十本杂志 These products are counted by hundreds 这些产品是成百成百地计数的。,2. 数字前加 above, more than,
5、 over, up to等，可译为“超过”，“多达” One-handed numbers were used by the people who lived in Italy over two thousand years ago. 单手计数法是两千多年前生活在意大利的人使用的。 It is estimated that the human eye can distinguish more than 10 million different shades of colors. 据估计，人类的眼睛能分辨出一千多万种不同的色调。,3、as +形容词( high, many, much )+as
6、+具体数字, 表示“(高,多)达”. The temperature is as high as 6000. 温度高达6000 . Some layers between the third and last layers of an atom contain as many as 32 electrons. 原子内第三层和最外层之间的一些电子层含有多达32个电子.,注意：“+as much (many, large, fast) again as +”表示净增加一倍。 Wheel A turns as fast again as wheel B. A 轮转动比B轮快一倍. A is as l
7、ong again as B A的长度是B 的两倍.,4、数字前加less than, under, below 等词，可译为“不到”，“低于”，“以下”等。 Less than 50 不到50， 五十以下 Below zero temperature 零度以下 Three years ago the number of laser neurosurgical operations done in the U.S. was less than 20; today successful operations number in the thousands. 三年前，美国施行的激光神经外科手术不足
8、20例；但今天，这类手术成功的已有成千上万例。,5. 数字前加about, some, approximately, more or less, or so, close to等词，常译为“左右，大约，上下，接近”等。 Development costs have been estimated at approximately 100 million dollars. 据估算，研制经费大约为一亿美元。,6、from to, betweenand可译为“从到”，“到”等。 The half life of isotopes may vary from a fraction of a second
9、 to million of years. 同位素的半衰期可由几分之一秒到数百万年。,7、用词组表示数量 A good/great many 很多 A large number of 大量，许多 A number of 一些，若干 A small amount of 少量，一些，不多,倍数增加的译法,1、n times as + adj/adv + as 2、 n times + adj/adv的比较级 + than 3、A is adj/adv比较级 than B by n times 4、n times + 名词/代词 5、increase 类表示增加的词（to/by) +n times
10、/ n fold / by a factor of n 增加了n-1倍或增加到原来的n倍，可译为“是的n倍”、“n倍于”或“比大（n-1）倍”。,Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲面积比欧洲大3倍。 亚洲面积是欧洲的4倍。 This line is two times longer than that one. 这条线的长度是那条线的2倍。 这条线比那条线长1倍。 Mercury weighs more than water by about 14 times. 水银的重量约为水的14倍。 水银比水约重13倍。,The gross agricul
11、tural output for 1990 was up to three times that for 1960. 1990年农业总产值增长到1960年的三倍。 The liquor was diluted with water to five times its original value. 溶液用水稀释到其原来体积的五倍。 The computer imports have multiplied eightfold since 1974. 自1974年以来，计算机进口量增加了7倍。 In case of electronic scanning the beam width is bro
12、ader by a factor of two. 电子扫描时，波束宽度展宽一倍。,6、英语中用an increase of n或a n times increase of表示净增的数量，n可直译 There is an increase of 4.5 million tons of steel as compared with last year. 今年钢的产量比去年增长450万。,在英语中，有些单词本身就有“倍数”的含义，因此，不与具体倍数连用。 Double “是的2倍”、“增加了1倍”或“翻了一番”； Treble/triple “是的3倍”、“增加了两倍”； Quadruple“是的4
13、倍”、“增加3倍”或“翻两番”；,The new airport will double the capacity of the existing one. 新机场是先有机场容量的2倍。 The population has nearly trebled in forty years. 人口在40年里增加了近2倍。,注意：如果倍数是一个相当大的近似值，差一倍没有多大意义时，往往可以照译，不必“减一”。 The sun is 330,000 times as large as the earth. 太阳是地球的330,000倍。 太阳比地球大330,000倍。 Radio waves trave
14、l almost one million times faster than sound. 无线电波的传播速率几乎比声音快100万倍。 无线电波的传播速率几乎是声音的100万倍。,数量减少的译法,在汉译时应将原文中的英文倍数转换成汉语分数或百分数。 1、n times + 表减少意义的adj比较级+than 2、decrease类动词（to/by) + n times/ n-fold/ a factor of 数字。 3、减少意义的词+ n times。 译为：减少到原来的1/n 或减少了1-1/n,This kind of film is 3 times thinner than ordin
15、ary paper. 这种薄膜的厚度是普通纸的1/3。 The speed of the machine was decreased by a factor of five. 该机器的运转速度降低了五分之四。 These has been a five-fold decrease in our imports this year. 我们今年的进口物品减少了五分之四。 The operating cost decreased three times. 操作费减少了三分之二。,注意：n 是小数而不是整数时，应先换算成整数分母。 The price of this medicine has been
16、 reduced by 2.5 times. 这种药品的价格已降低了二点五分之一。 这种药品的价格已降低了五分之二。,翻译时切不可逐字翻译，看懂了句子之后，还必须仔细斟酌该如何表达更符合常规、更简练易懂 The new motor is 40% as heavy as the old one. 这台新电动机比旧的重60%。 这台新电动机比旧的轻60%。 这台新电动机重量只有旧的40%。 A yard is three times large than a foot. 一码的长度是一英尺的三倍。 一码等于三英尺。,特殊数量词词组的翻译,1） order of magnitude 数量级 New boosters can increase the pay load by almost one order of magnitude. 新型助推器能使有效负载几乎增加一个数量级。 In troposcatter transmission it turns out that M is of the order of 100 to 1000. 在对流层散
