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1、小学英语必考40个重要知识点精品文档小学英语必考40个重要知识点 ！2015-11-301.现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与now,listen,look等词连用，结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.如：It is raining now.外面正在下雨It is six oclock now.现在6点了My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸Look!The children are having a running race now.看！孩子们正在赛跑问句将be动词移
2、前，否定句在be动词后+not.2.一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与often, usually, sometimes, always,every day(week year) on Sundays等词连用。结构是主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加s或es.如：We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗？是的问句借助于do,
3、 does否定句借助于dont,doesnt，后面动词一定要还原。3.一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago; ago;yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。结构是主语+be动词的过去式（was;were）或主语+动词的过去式。注意：be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。如：My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。Where were you last week? I was a
4、t a camp.你上个星期去哪了？我去野营了What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm你昨天去干嘛了？我去参观农场了。问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词还原；否定句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didnt后面动词还原。4.一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday),this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+wi
5、ll +动原。如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐。The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。问句将be动词或will移前；否定句在be动词或will后加not.5.情态动词can; cant;should; shouldnt;
6、must; may后一定加动词原形。如：The girl cant swim, but he can skate.女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要再课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲。6.祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否定祈使句以dont加动词原形开头。如：Open the box for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛，明天请早点起床！Dont walk on the grass!不要
7、在草地上走！Helen!Dont climb the tree,please.海伦！不要爬树。7.go的用法去干嘛用go+动词ing如:go swimming; go fishing; go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing8.比较than 前用比较级；asas之间用原级。如：My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。9.喜欢做某事用like+动词ing或like+ to + 动原。如
8、：Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。10.想要做某事用 would like+to+动原或want + to +动原。例：Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum11.some用于肯定句中，在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用如：Can I have some writing paper? Woul
9、d you like some orange juice?12.代词人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后如：Open them for me. Let us , join me等。宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是mine yours his hers its ours
10、yours theirs。13.介词介词后要么不加动词，加动词只能加动词ing形式如：be good at running;do well in jumping;14.时间介词季节前，月份前用介词in如：in summer；in March具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词on如：on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在几点钟前用介词at如：at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用in如：in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。另：季节，月份
11、和星期前不好加the.15.名词复数构成的方法有规则的有：(1)直接在名词后加s如orangeoranges;photophotos;(2) 以x, s, sh,ch 结尾的加es如：boxboxes;glassglasses; waitresswaitresses;watchwatches;peach-peaches(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如：studystudies；librarylibraries;hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为ves如：knifeknives;thiefthieves（注:以o结尾的我
12、们学过的只有mango加es, mangomangoes其余加s,）不规则的有：manmen; womanwomen; peoplepeople;childchildren16.动词第三人称单数的构成(1)直接在动词后加s如：runruns;dancedances(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es如：dodoes;gogoes;washwashes;catchcatches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如：studystudies;carrycarries;17.现在分词的构成(1)直接在动词后加ing如：singsinging;skiskiing;(2)双写词尾加ing如：sw
13、imswimming;jogjogging;runrunning;(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing如：rideriding;dancedancing; makemaking;18.规则动词过去式的构成(1)直接在动词后加ed如：cleancleaned;milkmilked; playplayed;(2)以e结尾的直接加d如：dancedanced;tastetasted;(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed如：studystudied;carrycarried;(4)双写词尾加ed如：stopstopped;jogjogged;不规则的有：am,iswas; arewere; do
14、,doesdid; have,hashad; gowent; meetmet;sitsat; seesaw; getgot; telltold; runran; comecame; stealstole;readread;19.形容词副词比较级的构成规则的：(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er如；smallsmaller;lowlower;(2)以e结尾的加r如：latelarer;(3)双写词尾加er如：bigbigger;thinthinner; fatfatter;(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er如：heavyheavier;earlyearlier;不规则的有：good, wel
15、lbetter(最高级为best); many, much- more(最高级为most); far-farther;20.rain与snow的用法(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是：动词原形rain， snow；第三人称单数rains ，snows；现在分词raining； snowing过去式rained； snowed;如：Look!It is raining now. 瞧！天正在下雨。It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。It is going
