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1、 江苏高中英语任务型阅读5篇一.任务型阅读(2014淮安调研)You say you want to be alone? Think again. Researchers have found that older people with fewer human contacts are more likely to die even if theyre happy in their isolation (孤立状态) than people with richer social lives. The study adds to the debate over whether lonelines
2、s, social isolation, or some combination of the two leads to higher death rate.Social isolation is an objective condition in which people have little communication with others. Loneliness, on the other hand, is an emotional state felt by people who are dissatisfied with their social connections.To f
3、ind out the effects of being alone versus (比对) just feeling lonely, Steptoe of University College London and his colleagues examined data from 6,500 Britons aged 50 and up who had filled out questionnaires evaluating their levels of loneliness.The most socially isolated subjects had a 26% greater ri
4、sk of dying, even when sex, age, and other factors linked to survival were taken into account, the researchers report online today. They then made changes about their model to determine whether the connection to death was due to the fact that isolated people are often lonely. It wasnt.The researcher
5、s then explored the connection between loneliness itself and death. Intense loneliness also appeared to raise the risk of death by 26% until the team took into account a host of other factors linked to survival, including wealth, education, and the presence of health problems. Once their impact had
6、been explained, the scientists discovered that loneliness on its own didnt make people more vulnerable (脆弱的) to death.The researchers suspect that older people who have few social ties may not be getting the care they need. No one is urging them to eat right or take their medicine, and in a crisis n
7、o one is there to help.Other researchers praise the new work as rigorous (严密的) and wellcontrolled. But they say its far from clear that social isolation, not loneliness, is always the real cause of increased death rate.Other studies, including an analysis of older Americans led by John Cacioppo, a p
8、sychology professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, have shown a link between loneliness and a higher death rate. Cacioppo suspects that the disagreement between his study and the new research could lie with cultural differences between Steptoes British subjects and Americans, and that Bri
9、tons and Americans may define friends differently, too.Health psychologist Bert Uchino of the University of Utah praises the new study, but he says that researchers are still far from understanding how those two factors affect one another and other healthrelated behaviors.Dangers of IsolationPassage
10、 outlineSupporting detailsThe finding of a new study and its impactSocial isolation may (1)_ older peoples risk of death. More (2)_ is caused over older peoples higher death rate.The differences between social isolation and lonelinessSocial isolation means that people hardly (3)_ with others or stay
11、 alone. Loneliness means that people are not satisfied with their social connections or (4)_ lonely.The conclusion of the researchThe isolation actually led to a greater risk of dying, but (5)_ itself couldnt cause the higher death rate. The cause of higher death rate might lie in their lack of good
12、 care and timely (6)_The (7)_ of other researchersIt was still (8)_ that social isolation rather than loneliness is the real cause of higher death rate. Cultural differences between Britons and Americans might explain the (9)_ result of the study by John Cacioppo. There is still a long way to go bef
13、ore (10)_ how those two factors affect one another.二.任务型阅读(2014南通高三二调)Do You Play to Win or to Not Lose?In what kinds of situations are you most effective? What factors strengthen or weaken your motivation? People answer these questions in many different ways. Now studies show us a way of grouping p
14、eople into types on the basis of personality nature that does predict performance: promotion focus or prevention focus.Motivational focus affects how we approach lifes challenges and demands. Promotionfocused people see their goals as creating a path to gain or advancement and concentrate on the rew
15、ards that will accumulate when they achieve them. They are eager and they play to win. Youll recognize promotionfocused people as those who are comfortable taking chances, who like to work quickly, who dream big and think creatively. Unfortunately, all that chance taking, speedy working, and positive thinking makes these individuals more likely to make mistakes, less likely to think things through and usually unprepared with a plan B if things go wrong. Thats a price they are willing to pay, because for the promotionfocused, the worst thing is a chance not taken, a reward unearned, a failure
