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1、中考题型突破-,第 5 讲 短文填空,短文填空是 2012 年广东中考出现的一个新题型，其特点是在一篇短文中留出 10 个空(首句不设空)，要求考生根据短文的内容以及上下文的意思，在空白处填入意思、语法都正确的单词，一空只能填一个词(有些空的答案可能不是唯一的)。短文的题材很广泛，可以是故事、文化习俗、科普小品、体育等，所选的文章一般都是考生比较熟悉的材料。,短文填空是中考中一个难度比较大的题型。它所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强。它不仅考查考生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识，还考查考生理解、推导、分析等综合能力。从表面上看它是考查考生对单词的辨认能力，而实质上它既考查了考生掌
2、握单词的数量及准确性，又考查了他们对上下文以及词义的理解和判断能力，由此考查考生的知识记忆与 再现能力。,题型分析,2012 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试 Nov.26, 2011, SaturdayCloudy I am upset these days.I have (71)_ problem, and I do,not,(72)_ how to deal with it.,I have had a lot of,(73)_ every day since I became a,Grade 9 student.I have no choice but to do it.I often sta
3、y up late to finish it and then feel (74)_ the next day. (75)_ I understand that it is important to do my homework and (76)_ it in on time, sometimes I still dont want to do so much homework.I almost have no free time for my hobbies, (77)_ as playing volleyball and ping-pong.The worst thing is that
4、I even have homework on weekends and holidays.The longer the holidays are, the (78)_ homework I get.I really feel bad about that.,I am looking forward to a holiday (79)_ homework so that I can relax and have some time for my hobbies.What should I do? I really hope that someone can give (80)_ some su
5、ggestions.I am sure they will be of great value to me.,答案,本文是一篇日记，主要讲述了一个孩子因为有太多作业而 感到很累、不开心，他希望能够拥有一个没有作业的轻松假期， 并希望有人能够给他一些建议。,71.a,名词前面一般填冠词或形容词，句中已有 “Im,upset”，故可确定应填一个冠词。problem 在此是第一次提及， 故应用不定冠词 a。 72.know 根据句意，此处应该是“我不知道怎样处理”， 前面有“I do not”，所以后面应填 know。,73.homework/schoolwork/work,根据短文可知此处需要填,
6、入一个名词，再根据下文“I understand that it is important to do my homework”从而可确定填 homework/schoolwork/work。,74.tired/sleepy,feel 是系动词，后面应接形容词，而根据,上文分析，因为“我”经常熬夜完成作业，所以会感到累(tired) 或困倦(sleepy)。故填 tired/sleepy。,75.Although/Though,根据上下文的描述可知，本句应意为,“虽然我知道做作业并按时上交作业很重要，但是有时我还是 不想做太多的作业”。分析句子结构可知，此处应填 although/though
7、。,76.hand,联系上下文可知，本句句意为“按时上交作,业”。hand in 上交，是固定搭配。,77.such 78.more,such as 例如，是固定搭配。 根据句意可知要填形容词 much，又根据上文“The,longer”可确定此处考查的是形容词比较级的常用句型“the 比较级，the比较级”，表示“越越”。故此处应填 more。,79.without 分析句子结构可知，句中缺少定语，故这里应 填一个介词，与 homework 一起构成介词短语作定语。又根据 下文“I can relax and have some time for my hobbies”可知本空应 填表示“没
8、有”作业的 without。,80.me,根据句意，此处指“给我”，空格前面是动词,give，故空格处应该填宾格 me。,一、解题步骤 1跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 解题时先跳过空格，通读短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气、意思为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。在通读过程中，若能够想到应该填什么的可以先直接填上，但后面要检查核对。,2复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。 把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句子中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法
9、规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。,3三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。,在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等方面进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。,请用适当的词完成这篇短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 I am a Chinese boy. My English name is Bob. I live far from 71 . I often go to school by bike. I do not like to be 72 . I always get to scho
10、ol on time. One morning, I went to school 73 my bicycle as usual. Suddenly there was something 74 with the wheel of my bike. I could not ride it, so I 75 to get off the bike. I tried my best, but it still did not work. I was very worried and did not know 76 to do.,试试身手-,Just at the moment, an old ma
11、n came over. He asked me what had 77 . I told him the sad thing. He said that he could 78 me. A few minutes later, he mended the bike well. I was very glad and said, “Thank you very much!” But the old man went away 79 saying any words. Then I rode to school as 80 as I could. Luckily, I reached the c
12、lassroom in time.,短文填空答案,71. school 72. late 73. on 74. wrong 75. had 76. what 77. happened 78. help 79. without 80. quickly,向 看图短文填空say Yes,Bob and David are good friends, but they like to joke on each other sometimes. One day they went to London for their holidays. They went to the (71) and bought
13、 their tickets. When the train arrived, Bob got on the train first, but he dropped his (72) on the platform(站台） without knowing it. David was behind him and quickly (73) it up. Without saying a word to his friends, he put it in his (74) . After they had been in the (75) for a little while, they saw
14、the conductor(列车员） coming along,station,ticket,picked,pocket,train,shouting, “ Ticket, please!” Bob(76) for his and of course he couldnt find it. “ Oh, dear, I cant (77) my ticket, David.” he said. “Have another look, Bob; it must be (78) ”said David. “ No, I cant find it anywhere. What shall I do ?
15、” “Perhaps youd better hide under the(79) so that the conductor wont see you.” So Bob crawled(爬）under the seat and lay there quietly. Soon the conductor stood in front of David. “Ticket, please.” he said. David handed him (80) tickets and said, “This is mine. The other is my friends. He prefers to travel under the seat.”,looked,find,somewhere/found,seat/chair,two,71，72，74，75，79根据图片及上下文意思填入 。73，76，77，78根据上下文意思填入 ，并注意 及 。80考 。,名词,动词,动词的形式,语态,数词,Thank you for listening!,
