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1、英语中的三类集体名词陕西省武功县观音堂中学 高增敏集体名词在句中用作单数还是用作复数，后面该接单数形式的动词还是复数形式的动词，这些都应根据不同情况或意思加以处理。下面将集体名词归纳为三类：类：这一类包括 cattle(牛)，folk（人们，亲属），people(人)，police(警察)，poultry(家禽)， militia(民兵)，mankind（人类），personnel(全体人员)等，其用法特点为：只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语通常也用复数；不与 a(n)连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)：1Cattle were used as money in old
2、 days . 过去牛被当作钱用。2. The town folk know him as Mr. Dick . 镇上的人们都知道他是迪克先生。3People are sure to laugh at you if you do that如果你做那件事的话，人们肯定会嘲笑你的。4The police are searching for the missing papers警察正在搜寻那些失踪的文件。5Their poultry are kept in the cages . 他们的家禽关在笼子里。6. The militia are all out drilling for the May D
3、ay parade . 民兵都出来操练准备五一节游行。7. The mankind long for peace . 人类渴望和平。8. State personnel have had this viewpoint drummed into them.国务院的工作人员被反复灌输这个观点。类：这一类包括family(家庭)，government (政府)，team(队)，class(班)，public(公众)，committee(委员会)，school(学校)，audience(听众)，group（群，组）， party（聚会，派队），club（俱乐部），crew（全体人员），crowd （群
4、众）, enemy（敌人） , company（公司）， population（人口）等，其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义。请仔细比较下面几组句子，体会其单复数用法。9The whole family has moved to London整个家庭都已搬到伦敦去了。10All the family are pleased about the news of Jacks success家里所有的人对杰克成功的消息都感到非常高兴。11The government has decided to pass the law政府已决定通过这一法律。12The gove
5、rnment have discussed the matter for a long time but they have shown no sign of reaching agreement政府成员对这一问题已讨论了很久，但尚未有达成一致意见的迹象。13The football team is playing well整个球队踢得不错。14The football team are having baths and are then coming back here for tea足球队员们正在洗澡，马上就要回到这里吃茶点。15The class is a big one这个班人很多。1
6、6The class are unable to agree on a monitor这个班的学生在班长的人选问题上不能取得一致意见。类：这一类包括 baggage / luggage(行李)，clothing(衣服)，furniture(家具)，machinery(机器) ，merchandise( 商品，货物)， jewelry（珠宝）等，其用法特点为：是不可数名词，要用单数形式，不用不定冠词 (当然更不能用数词)，没有复数形式：17Have you checked all your baggage/luggage? 你把所有行李都核实了吗?18Our clothing protects
7、us from /against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。19The furniture is called sofa . 这种家具叫沙发。20New machinery is being installed in the factory . 工厂正在安装新机器。21The merchandise had gone through the examination . 商品已被检查过了。22Much of her jewelry was missing . 她丢失了大多数珠宝。练习题：请用所给单词的正确形式填空。(1)The public _（be）sure that thing
8、s will get better.(2)The public _ (be)required not to leave things about in the park now(3)The committee_(divide) in opinion about the matter at present (4)The committee _(meet) once a month(5)The whole school _(be) talking about that(6)The school_(be)not so big as that one(7). The audience_(be)made
9、 up of very young children during the last concert.(8). All the audience _(be) thrilled by the film yesterday . (9). One third of the population here _(be) workers.(10). The population of the earth _(be)increasing very fast.Key : (1) is (2) are (3) are divided (4) meets (5) are (6) is (7) was (8) were (9) are (10) is
