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1、初中英语中考总复习综合知识归纳系列第9辑（共20辑）课本重点句型梳理一、课本中常见句型should not + V .结构主词should（would，may）not原形动词。说明should 是 shall 的过去式，当“将要”解释，通常用于是第一人称 I 或 we；should又当“应该”解释，表示义务或责任，常用于指“现在或未来”的事情，可用任何人称。 would 是 will 的过去式，当“将要”解释，通常用于是第二人称或第三人称； would 又用于表示“愿望”；would 和 like 连用，表示“客气”的语气；would 又可用在中，表示客气的请求。 may 可用于表示“可能性”
2、或“不确定的推测”，中文常译为“可能，或许”，相当于 perhaps或 maybe；may 可用于表示“请求对方允许”；在否定答句中，may 的可以有两种形式：mustnt 表示“强烈的禁止”，maynt 表示“婉转的禁止”。 He would not lend you his dictionary. 他不愿意把字典借给你。 He may not come tomorrow. 他明天不可能（不可以）来。 We should not tell lies. 我们不应该说谎。Should/Would you + V .?结构Should（Would，May）主词原形动词？说明should 是 sha
3、ll 的过去式，当“将要”解释，通常用于是第一人称 I 或 we；should又当“应该”解释，表示义务或责任，常用于指“现在或未来”的事情，可用任何人称。 would 是 will 的过去式，当“将要”解释，通常用于是第二人称或第三人称； would 又用于表示“愿望”；would 和 like 连用，表示“客气”的语气；would 又可用在中，表示客气的请求。 may 可用于表示“可能性”或“不确定的推测”，中文常译为“可能，或许”，相当于 perhaps或 maybe；may 可用于表示“请求对方允许”；在否定答句中，may 的可以有两种形式：mustnt 表示“强烈的禁止”，maynt
4、 表示“婉转的禁止”。 May he do that? 他可能（可以）做那件事吗？ Would you like to go with us? 你想跟我们去吗？ Should they read the newspaper more often? 他们应该更常看报吗？. used to + V .结构主词used to原形动词说明此句型意为“以前（常）”。等于“would often原形”。这是一种表过去的经验的句构，对比地叙述过去与现在。而“would原形”也可表示过去的习惯，但“used to .”比“would .”规则。 Difficult problems used to take
5、hours of work with pencil and paper. 困难的问题以前总是需要用笔和纸工作数小时。 There used to be a post office there. 以前在那里有一个邮局。 I used to (=would often) go fishing. 我以前常去钓鱼。 We used to hear the train whistle at night. 过去我们常会在晚上听到火车的汽笛声。 He would sit for hours doing nothing. 他常常什么也不做，一坐就是好几小时。. would like to V .结构主词wou
6、ld like（sb.）to原形动词说明此句型意为“想要”。would like 是一种表示意愿的，后接 to 引导的原形。“should like to .”虽有同样的意思，但较少用于第2，3人称。 Would you like to have a look at the picture? - Yes, I should very much like to. 你想瞧瞧这画吗？是的！很想！ I would like to take a trip around the world toward the end of this year. 我想在今年底环游世界。 I would like you
7、to meet Mr. Jones. 我想让你见见琼斯先生。 I would like him to do it. 我想要他做这事。would rather V1 than V2结构主词would rather原形动词1than原形动词2说明此句型意为“宁愿也不愿”。would rather 和 than 之后都要用原形。若 than 之后的和 would rather 之后的相同，则 than 之后的可省略。 Id rather take care of the stomachs of the living than (take care of) the glory of the dead
8、in the form of stone memorials. 我宁愿照顾活人的肚子，也不愿以石碑的形式来照顾死者的荣耀。 They would rather go fishing than stay at home. 他们宁愿去钓鱼，也不愿待在家里。 I would rather be laughed at than quarrel with him. 我宁愿被嘲笑，也不愿和他吵架。 He would rather give away a point than claim an advantage. 他宁愿送分数，也不愿要求利益。 I would rather fail than cheat
9、 in the examination. 我宁愿考不及格，也不愿意考试作弊。 I would rather die than live in disgrace. 我宁可死，也不愿忍辱偷生。 I would rather remain poor than get money by dishonest means. 我宁可安于贫穷，也不愿用不当手段赚钱。. had better + V .结构主词had better原形动词说明此句型意为“最好；还是为好”。用 had better 来执行和一个一样的功能。“had better have过去”表“最好已经”之意；“had best .”则是“以为
10、最佳”，比 had better 的意思还要强调。 You had better consult a doctor soon. 你最好快点去看医生。 The policeman said to him, Youd better come with me and tell me all about the accident. 警察对他说：“你最好跟我来，并告诉我这次事故的经过。” You had better have stayed at home. 你留在家里那是最好。 Hadnt you better make a market report? 你不认为写一份市场报告好些吗？ You had
11、 better go to the factory and have a look. 你最好到厂里去看一看。 You had best not accept the offer. 你最好是不要接纳这要求。May you + V .结构May第二、三人称主词动词原形其他说明此句型意为“祝”。may 此处表示祝福与愿望，多用于书面语中，口语中有时也用，但显得较庄重。本的特点是：may 不是在后面，而是摆在句子开头，使全句成倒装语序，表达出祝愿的意义。 May you recover soon! 愿您早日康复！ May you succeed in business. 祝您生意兴隆！ May our
12、 two parties achieve even greater successes in our business. 祝我们双方在生意中取得更大的成功。may well + V .结构may well + 原形动词说明此句型意为“理当；大可”。may 是，well 是，后接原形。若将 well 置于前面，可加强。 You may well find that the end of the book is better than the beginning. 你应该会发现这本书的结尾比开头好。 You may well get angry with him. 你大可对他发脾气。 She is
13、 proud of her son, and well she may. 她以儿子为傲也是应该的。 An unlimited arms race may well increase the danger of war. 无限度的武器竞赛当然会增加战争的危险性。 Since he can play many musical instruments, he may well be called a man of accomplishments. 他能演奏许多乐器，当然称得上是个多才多艺的人。may as well + V .结构may as well原形动词说明此句型意为“最好；不妨”。等于 ha
14、d better，但比较委婉。 We may as well leave the table after dinner is over. 晚餐后我们不妨离开桌子。 You may as well keep it a secret. 你最好将这件事保密。 You are not (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health. 你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。may as well . as .结构maymight as well原形动词 Aas原形动词 B说明此句型意为“与其 B 倒不如 A”。相当于“had better A than B”。“may as well . as”实现的可能性较大，而“might as well . as”实现的可能性较小。 Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here as leave. 既然雨下得这么大，你与其离开倒不如待在这儿
