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1、冲刺押题备战中考2020年中考专题（二）代词精讲代词表格： 考点一 人称代词1.人称代词主格、宾格（上表）2.人称代词的用法（1）人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。如：She is a good student.（2）人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语、表语。如：I dont know her.His mother is waiting for him outside.3.人称代词的顺序几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是：单数形式(二、三、一)you,he/she and I复数形式(一、二、三)we,you and they考点二 物主代词1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主
2、代词,列表如上2.形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词,一般不单独使用。如：His parents are both office workers.My name is Jack.3.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。如：My idea is quite different from hers.4.名词性物主代词可与of连用作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。如：He is a friend of mine.(我的一个朋友）5.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别形容词性物主代词之后要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接名词。如：这张票是她的,不
3、是我的。误This is hers ticket.Its not my. 正 This is her ticket. Its not mine.考点三 反身代词1.反身代词的单数复数形式见上表。2.反身代词的用法I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语）The children made model planes themselves.（作同位语)3.反身代词的常用词组teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快;玩得高兴help oneself to 随便吃/用come t
4、o oneself 苏醒hurt oneself 受伤by oneself 独自考点四 不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词和it的用法一、不定代词1.普通不定代词（1）普通不定代词初中阶段常用的普通不定代词,列表如下：some;any ;few ;little none;many;much;either;neither ;one;each;every;both ;all;other（2）普通不定代词的用法some 与 anysome 和any 均表示“一些”,既可指代或修饰可数名词,也可指代或修饰不可数名词；some一般用于肯定中,any多用于疑问句、否定句中或if,whether后。但在其问句中,
5、当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求,建议时应用some。如：There arent any students in the classroom.Look！Some boys are playing football.Would you like some coffee?Yes,please.many 与 muchmany 指代或修饰可数名词复数,还可以与表示程度的副词 so,too,how 连用。much 指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以与表示程度的副词so,too,how连用。如：How many bottles of water do you need?He never eats so m
6、uch breakfast.either与 neither相同点： 均用于两个人或物不同点 ：either指“两者中的任意一个”。 作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。either.or.或者或者neither 指“两者中没有一个”（全否定）。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。neither. nor.两者都不both 与 allboth表示“两者都”,常与and 连用；all指“三者或三者以上都”,常与of连用。如：Both she and I are students.Both plans are good.Jim,Lucy and Lily all agree to stay here.注意 bo
7、th;all;either;any;neither;none 的区别不定代词 都 任何 都不两者 both either neither三者或三者以上 all any noneeach 与every(限定词）each 和every都表示“每一”。 each 强调个体,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,当它作同位语时,不影响谓语动词的数；every强调整体情况,修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外,each 指两个或两个以上的人或事物,而every指三个或三个以上的人或事物。如：There are trees on each side of the road.Every student in
8、Class 5 has passed the exam.Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt.We each wear a yellow T-shirt.little;a little;few;a few代替复数名词 代替不可数名词肯定 a few(一些) a little(少量)否定 few(几乎没有)少 little(几乎没有)少如：Would you please buy some salt for me,Tony?There islittle left.I recognized a few of other people.other；the other;o
9、thers;the others;another2. 复合不定代词everyanysomeNothingEverythingAnythingSomethingNothingbodyEverybodyAnythingSomebodyNobodyoneEveryoneAnyoneSomeoneNone如：Do you have anything special to tell me today?Listen to me, boys and girls.I have something to tell you. （2）在反意疑问句中,当句子陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如everybody,n
10、obody,anyone等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 they；当句子陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词,如everything,anything,something,nothing 等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词it。如：Everybody is here,arent they?Everything is ready,isnt it?（3）当形容词或 else 修饰复合不定代词 something,everything,everyone 等时,形容词或 else 必须放在这些词的后面。如：Xiaoming,he has something important to tell y
11、ou.Can you find anyone else?（4）everyone 的意思等同于everybody,只能指人,every one既可指人也可指物,还可以和of连用。如：Id like everyone to be happy.I have kept every one of her letters.2、 指示代词1. 指示代词单数 this that复数 these those 2. 指示代词的用法（1）this/these近指。如：This is my pen.These are my books.指下文要提到的事。如：Please remember this:No pain ,
12、no gain.(2)that/those远指。如：Thats her bike.指前面刚刚提到过的事。如：He was ill.That was why he didnt go to school.（3）打电话时用this介绍自己,that询问对方。This is Mike speaking.Whos that speaking?3、 疑问代词疑问代词主要用法例句who做主语、表语、宾语Who wants to go with me?whomWho的宾格形式,做宾语To whom are you talking?WhoseWho的所有格形式,作表语、定语Whose book is this?
13、What/whoWhat询问某人的职业Whats your father?Who询问某人的身份、姓名Who is the boy under the tree?What/whichWhat指“什么”,没有范围的设定What would you like？Which“哪一个、哪一些”,有范围的限制Which one do you like best？四、it的用法1.指代前面提到过的事物。 如：The book on the desk is not mine.It is Jims.2.代替指示代词this或that。如：Whats that?It is a pencil.3.指代婴儿或不明身份的
14、人。 如：Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is.4.指代时间或季节。如：Whats the time now?Its ten oclock.5.指代天气。如：Whats the weather like today?一 -Its sunny.6.指代距离。如：How far is it from your school to your home?7.it 的常用句型：（1 )It is+adj.+( for sb.)to do sth. 如：It is important for us to work hard.（2）Its time to do/for/that. 如：Its time to get up/for lunch/that we went home.（3）It seems that.好像 如：It seems that you are right. 如：（4）Its ones turn to do.轮到某人做Its your turn to sing.（5）Its+adj.+that从句 如：Its natural that
