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1、高三英语语法专题复习讲义（7）1. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson_ . （2005湖南） A cut in B cut down C cut out D cut up Note: cut in 插嘴. cut off使隔绝; 切断（电源、自来水等）cut up 切碎；cut down 砍倒，削减；2. We went to Canada to travel and my cousin_as our guide. (2005湖南) A played B showed C acted D performed 3. 1) You will f
2、ind as you read this book that you just cant keep some of these stories to_. You will want to share them with a friend. (2005湖南) A itself B yourself C himself D themselves 2)Would you slow down a bit, please? I cant_you. (2001北京、安徽、内蒙古春季) A keep up with B put up with C make up to D hold on to Note:
3、keep away (from sth.) 避开；keep back 阻止，隐瞒；keep fit 保持健康；keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；keep sth in mind 牢记某事；keep off 避开；keep on doing sth. 继续做某事，反复做某事；keep out 把挡在外面； keep . to oneself 将作为秘密保守 4. (1) The computer system_suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. (2006辽宁) A. b
4、roke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in (2) To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it_into parts. (2005湖北) A down B up C off D out (3) I was still sleeping when the fire_ , and then it spread quickly. （2006广东） A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out Note: break in破门而
5、入，闯入；break into强行进入，闯入；break up打碎，分开； break down坏掉；把分成若干部分 打破，毁掉；破除；制服；坍塌；（计划等）失败，不成功；(健康、精神)垮下来；中止，停顿 break out（火灾）发生（战争）爆发；（争吵）爆发 5. 1) It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly_my friend. (2007四川) A. turn out B.bring out C. call out D. pick out 2) She_Japanese when she was in Japan. Now sh
6、e can speak it freely. （2006福建） A.picked out B. made out C. made up D. picked up Note: pick up（偶然地、无意地）获得、学会;继续；恢复；收拾、整理；捡起、拾起；（车辆等）中途搭（人）、中途带（货）；（在无线电里）收听到 pick out辨认,挑选 Part 3 Grammar:非谓语动词 （1） 动词不定式、动名词Revision1. The light in the office is still on.-Oh, I forgot . A. turning it off B. turn it off
7、 C. having turned it off D. to turn it off2. She cant help _the house because shes busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. Cleaned D. being c leaned3. Not everybody has the ability in public.A. of speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak4. Mary is always the first student to answer the teacher
8、s questions in class. A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risen5. Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day? - _enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be gettingI Analysis 动词不定式. 不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式时态/语态主动式被动式用法一般式 To doTo be done进行式To be doing To b
9、e being done完成式To have doneTo have been done否定式Not/never + to do/ to be done/ to have done/ to have been done/ to be doing 不定式的进行式由to be + V-ing构成，用来表示谓语动词动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。Eg. Some students pretended to be reading English when the teacher came in.不定式完成式由to have + V-ed构成，用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。- Is Bob stil
10、l performing?- Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.( 2005年江苏卷No.25) A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been D. to be left 不定式的被动式分为一般式被动to be V-ing和完成式被动to have been V-ed。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动语态。Eg. It is an honour for me to be invited to the par
11、ty. The book is said to have been translated into many languages. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas. (2005年辽宁卷No.22) A. in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receivingII. 不定式句法功能1. 作主语：_The cat said, “To take roller c
12、oaster” is terrible. The cat said, “Its terrible to take roller coaster.”作主语常见句型：a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult) + 不定式 b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, ones duty, a shame) + 不定式2. 作表语：_主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不
13、定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan.3. 作宾语_ The cat said “Remember not to take it next time!”.a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish等2005年天津卷12题：I dont w
14、ant _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair.A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到宾补后，而用先行代词it作形式宾语，常用动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。The cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster.b) 不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如but, except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实义动词do, does, did
