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1、摘 要 上下楼梯是普通日常生活中很平常的一种行为，在那些大量不设电梯的七层以下的住宅楼房居住的居民，尤其是那些老年人和残疾人，上下爬楼在生活上会有诸多的不便。目前无论乡镇还是城市无一不在飞速发展，其中阶梯更是基本的设施之一。如上下汽车、地铁火车有阶梯；登越人行天桥和地下通道需要穿越楼梯；大型商场更是免不了要爬楼下梯。这些在我们看来异常简单的阶梯对那些腿脚不方便的残疾人来说想要通过是很艰难费力的。基于以上种种因素的考虑，我们设想能不能设计个可以实现上下楼梯的电动轮椅，我们通过在路面电动轮椅的设计基础上进行改装，解决人们在生活中遇到的上下楼梯难题。该电动轮椅的设计，方便了人们的生活。因此，这种电动
2、爬楼轮椅的设计，无论是从实际应用方面还是理论研究方面，都是具有很高价值的。设计创新之处：一、 对现有此类产品外观进行改进，造型独特、设计感强；二、 充分考虑产品的使用目的，设计出人性化，安全舒适，操作简便的产品；三、 对上下楼梯机的功能进行重新定义，使其功能多元化：上下楼梯、爬越障碍以及物品储存等多功能集合于一身的设计更符合消费者的心理，市场前景无限；四、 充分组合现国内现有比较成熟的生产技术、材料的运用，使产品的成本降低，以求降低残疾人和老年人这些弱势群体生活负担；五、 充分考虑人机关系，设计出具有可调节功能的产品，造型创新、大胆。对市场进行了细致的调查，经过设计定位，绘制草图、效果图，绘制
3、出产品外观尺寸图，并设计了效果图展示，完成了对爬楼梯轮椅的设计。关键词：楼梯，人性化，老年人残疾人，人机关系ABSTRACT Walking up and down stairs is very common in our daily life, in those residents living apartment building which do not set the elevator of the seven layers below, especially those elderly and disabled persons, climbing building up and do
4、wn in life will have a lot of inconveniences. Currently, both rural and urban areas are all in the rapid development. And among this development tendency the ladder become one of the basic facilities. The ladder help us to fluctuation car ,take the train and underground; climb the passenger foot-bri
5、dge and pass through the souterrain; The large shopping centers is inevitable to use the ladder to help climbing stairs. The exception in our view, a simple ladder legs and feet of those who want to inconvenience people with disabilities is very difficult through the laborious. Based on the above co
6、nsiderations, we can design a vision can be achieved down the stairs of the electric wheelchairs, electric wheelchairs on the road we passed on the basis of modified design to address the people down stairs in life had challenges. The design of the electric wheelchair to facilitate peoples lives，Thu
7、s, the design of electric wheelchairs climbing stairs, either from theoretical or practical application of research, both with high value.Design innovation: First, the appearance of such products to improve the existing, unique, design sense; Second, give full consideration to the intended use of pr
8、oducts designed user-friendly, safe and comfortable, easy to operate products; Third, on the up and down stairs to redefine the functions of machines, making it functional diversification: up and down stairs, climbing over obstacles and multi-functional storage items in a set of design more in line
9、with consumer psychology, market prospects are promising; Fourth, the full portfolio is now relatively mature domestic production of existing technologies, materials use, reduce the cost of the product in order to reduce the disabled and elderly people the burden of these vulnerable groups; Fifth, t
10、ake full account of human relations, designed with adjustable features of products, innovative style and bold. Conducted a detailed market survey, after a design orientation, drawing sketches, renderings, three-dimensional computer model of the construction and assembly of animation, drawing out the
11、 appearance of the product dimensions, and design renderings show, completed the design of the machine and down the stairs .KEY WORDS： stairs, human； elderly and disable people；Relationship between man and machine目 录前言.1第1章 绪论.11.1 国内外上下楼梯机的研究现状.11.2 设计依据和意义.4第2章 设计调查与分析.52.1 市场调查与用户调查.52.2 调研分析与设计定
12、位.82.3 上下楼梯机设计原则.9第3章 草图构思与方案确定.103.1 设计构思.103.2 草图分析比较.113.3 设计深入.123.4 设计方案的优化.15第4章 定稿方案优选.174.1 功能定案.174.2 色彩定案.18第5章 电脑制作效果图及后续设计.195.1 尺寸设定.195.2 计算机三维建模和效果图制作.19第6章 结论.206.1 心得体会.206.2 设计中的缺点及遇到的问题和解决方案.20参考文献.22致谢.23前 言爬楼梯对于普通人而言是非常轻松的事情，但是腿脚不灵便的人可就没那么幸运了。在公共场所还可以使用扶梯，但是要在家里安装扶梯显然过于奢侈，也没有必要。所以就有人设计出了这样一款专门为腿脚不灵便的人准备的升降梯。轮椅的确可以给残疾人和其他腿脚不便的人提供了便利，但是传统的轮椅并不能上下楼梯，必须有旁人协助才可以。如果能有一款可以让残疾人依靠自己力量上下楼梯的轮椅那该有多好？所以该课题从解决那些上下楼梯不便的人们出行安全方面出发，结合人机和美学进行深入研究，设计出一款产品能够让上下楼梯不方便的人们也能依靠自己的力量安全的上下
