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1、,宾语从句 The Object Clause,什么是宾语,I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。 宾语由名词、代词、不定式 或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。,我们 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员 We know,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。,一 什么 是宾语从句？,宾o,宾o,主s,谓
2、v,he is a famous basketball player,that,连接词,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员,谓v,主s,宾语从句三要点,一、语序 二、引导词 三、时态,有哪些句子可以做宾语？,1.陈述句 He is a famous basketball player. 2.一般疑问句 Will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3.特殊疑问句 which coat did you prefer?,My name is My favorite sport is I am I speak/have/like I can play,Are you
3、? Can you play? Do you do? Where are you? What can you do? How do you do?,陈 述 句,-,-,一般 疑问 句,特殊 疑问 句,结构比较,陈述句,一般 疑问 句,特殊 疑问 句,_+ _ + _,结构比较,be,情态动词,助动词,主语,谓语,_ + _ + _,.,主语,?,_ +_+ _,特殊 疑问词,一般 疑问句,?,?,_ + _ + _,主语,?,_ +_ + _,主语,结论:陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词, 情态动词 ,助动词在主语后,而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前,句子的两种语序: 1.陈述句结构
4、叫陈述语序 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here.,It is on Fifth Avenue.,They are doing homework.,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,She wo
5、rks in a hospital .,I went to Center Park .,We have to wear a uniform.,They can wear hats in school .,7.Can they wear hats in school?,8.Wheres your pen pal from? 9.Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What language
6、she speaks,Why you like pandas?,1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.,宾语从句的类型,练一练,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home
7、. 5.Jim has been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend ,（that）,一般疑问句做宾语,我问他是否想去游泳,1, 改为陈述句语气， 2，用if/whether连接,I ask,Does he want to go swim?,he wants to go swim,If/whether,I ask,2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。 If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 例如： I want to know if (w
8、hether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,练一练,1.Is he reading ? 2.Do you get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,特殊疑问句做宾语,Which coat di
9、d you like best?,I wonder which coat you like best.,用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。,我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？,Which tie do you like best,特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序 连接词就是疑问词本身,I wonder,I wonder,ATTENTION,which tie you like best?,3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。 这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例如： Do you know wh
10、o (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.,练一练,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句: 1.
11、Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me 4. The man asked ,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。 e.g I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .,
12、宾语从句的时态的变化,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。 e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xian . He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said ( that ) he was
13、reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already . 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our healt
14、h .,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) He to Hong Kong .,2) He sick. 3) He a book . 4) He,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接
15、前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,宾语从句三要素,that（陈述句 ）,ifwhether（一般疑问句 ）,特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理 自然现象 公式定理 名言警句 时态不变,七.本课小结,.Find out the mistakes and correct them. 1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student. 3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is?,找错误,was,is,whose,II.改错：,1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for sch
