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1、名词类知识考查(2011深圳二模) Some people live in the world for body while others for dignity. I once took a walk along the street 16._ a Saturday dusk, with a Pepsi can in my hand. An old woman in ragged clothes, 17._ was living on collecting used cans, jars and tins, moved slowly towards me, with a bag on the
2、 back! 18._ (walk) nearer, she looked up at me and then fixed her eyes on my can. At that time, I hadnt finished my cola, so I gave 19._ several coins instead. She stared at me for a few seconds 20._ handed back the money. Quite confused, I asked: “Why not? Isnt that 21._ you want？” “I am not a begg
3、ar，” she said 22._ (serious), word by word. Instantly, I felt so sorry. I had intended 23._ (help) her, completely misunderstanding her. Thus I hurt her. What I could do at that moment was only to drink up the cola and handed her 24._ emptied can. This time, she gave me a smile with 25._ (satisfy) a
4、nd gratitude in her eyes. The woman is poor in material life but is so respectable as a man. I am not only moved but also have learned a good lesson. 【答案及解析】 16. on考查在语境中介词的搭配， on a Saturday dusk, at dusk。 17. who考查定语从句的关系代词，非限制性定语从句，先行词为an old woman。 18. Walking考查非谓语动词，现在分词作状语，与主语是主谓关系。【答案及解析】 19.
5、her考查宾格代词的使用，用her指代the old woman。 20. and考查并列连词，连接两个动词stared和handed。 21. what考查表语从句的连接词，表语从句缺少宾语，且表示事物，所以用特殊疑问词what。【答案及解析】 22. seriously考查形容词转换成副词，副词seriously修饰said。 23. to help考查非谓语动词，intended to do sth.打算做某事。 24. the考查语境中冠词的使用，特指喝完了的那个易拉罐，所以用the。 25. satisfaction考查动词转换成名词，with介词后面跟名词。语法填空中名词类的考点主
6、要集中在考查主谓一致和名词的单复数。 一、主谓一致：答案：is speaking1. 用and(或bothand)连接并列主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。考生注意：当and连接的两个名词是指组合到一起的一件完整的或成套的东西，或表示同一个人或一种概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Do you see the writer and teacher who _ (speak) at the meeting?考点必背：表1: 英语中并列结构表示整体概念bread and butter 黄油面包a knife and fork刀叉a cart and horse一辆马车a coat and tie配有领带的上
7、衣iron and steel钢铁aim and end目的law and order 治安truth and honesty 真诚a watch and chain 一块带链的表a needle and thread 针线2. 在eachand each， everyand every， noand no等结构之后，谓语动词用单数形式。Each boy and each girl _ (have) an apple. 答案：has3. 在某些成语中，一些并列主语用and相连时，其后谓语用单数形式。All work and no play _ (make) Jack a dull boy. 答
8、案：makes4. 以or, eitheror， neithernor， notbut， not onlybut also等连接的名词(代词)作并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。Neither he nor I _ (ability) to finish the task independently.答案：am able5. 主语后跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, like, rather than, together with, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词
9、或词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定，也就是说，谓语动词的数不受这些词组的影响。Look! The teacher as well as the students _ (read) in the library. 答案：is reading二、名词的单复数在语法填空中的考查表2：名词单复数形式以“f”或“fe”结尾的名词复数形式变“f”或“fe”为“v”，之后再加es。wife wives; life lives; knife knives; wolf wolves; self selves；leaf leaves特例：handkerchief handkerchiefs; ro
10、of roofs; chief chiefs; gulf gulfs; belief beliefs; cliff cliffs改变元音字母man men; mouse mice; foot feet; woman women; tooth teeth; goose geese; ox oxen特例：child children复合名词的复数形式在复合词中最后的名词尾加s。如：armchair armchairs; bookcase bookcases; bookstore bookstores man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。如：man doctor me
11、n doctors; woman driver women drivers与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加s。如：brotherinlaw brothersinlaw; passerby passersby续表单、复数同形means; aircraft; deer; fish; Chinese; Japanese; sheep; works(工厂); cattle合成名词的复数boyfriend boyfriends; gobetween gobetweens(中间人); grownup grownups通常只用作复数的名词glasses 眼镜； clothes 衣服； goo
12、ds 货物； trousers 裤子； belongings 所有物； wages 工资； riches 财富； surroundings 环境； ashes 灰尘； compasses 圆规； cattle 家畜； congratulations 祝贺【答案及解析】16. on考查在语境中介词的搭配，on a trip是固定搭配。17. visited考查谓语动词，本句尚无谓语，visit应为谓语动词；根据下文应该采用一般过去时，故填visited。【答案及解析】18. cultural考查名词转换成形容词，作定语要用形容词。19. it考查在语境中代词的使用，it是形式主语。20. to have考查非谓语动词，作目的状语，用不定式。【答案及解析】21. who/that考查定语从句的连接词，引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词people，故用who或that。22. the考查语境中冠词的使用，序数词前用the。【答案及解析】23. that考查宾语从句的连接词，引导陈述句充当的宾语从句，作show后面的宾语。24. for考查在语境中介词的使用，表示“对于”之意，用for。25. including考查词形变换，including为介词，意为“包括”。5用心 爱心 专心
