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1、 1 Unit 1 A 1.advice n. 建议,忠告,劝告建议,忠告,劝告 (1)advice 是不可数名词,表示“一条建议” “两条建议” “一些建议”可用: a piece of advice;two piece of advice;some advice (2)advice 作名词时的常用搭配: ask sb. for advice 征询某人的建议 give sb. some advice= give some advice to sb.给某人提出一些建议 give advice on sth.在某方面给出建议 take (follow) ones advice 接受某人的建议 e
2、.g. He often gives us some advice.=He often gives some advice to us. 他经常给我们一些建议。 例题:Your _ is very helpful. I guess Ill take it. A. secret B. advice C. promise D. purpose 答案:B 秘密;建议;承诺;目标。由下句“我想我会采纳。 ”可知“你的建 议很有用” 。 2.Whats the matter?怎么了怎么了? (1)该句用来询问对方所遇到的麻烦, 或医生及护士询问病人身体情况, 常与 with 连用,后跟 sb./sth.
3、,意为“某人或某物怎么了?” e.g.Whats the matter (with you)? (你)怎么了? I lost my pen./I have a cold. 我把我的钢笔弄丢了。/我感冒了。 (2)“(你)怎么了?”各种常见表达: Whats the matter (with you)? =Whats the trouble (with you)? =Whats the problem(with you)? =Whats wrong (with you)?=Whats up? =What happened? 例题:Nick is not at school. _? He has
4、a cold. A. Whos that B. Whats the matter C. How old is he D. How much is it 答案:B 句意:Nick 没来上学。怎么回事? 他感冒了。 此类句型中,matter,problem 前需加定冠词 the,trouble 前可加 the 或形容词 性物主代词;wrong 是形容词,其前不加任何修饰词。 此类句型中,what 即为句子主语,本身构成陈述语序,故当句子以宾语从句 身份出现时,不可将 be 移至 the matter/trouble/problem 之后。 3.have a stomachache 胃疼胃疼 (1)
5、have +a(n)+名词,表示患某种病 e.g. have a cold 感冒 have a toothache 牙疼 2 have a fever 发烧 have a headache 头疼 拓展:sore 与 pain 也可用于表示疾病的短语 e.g. have a sore throat(back/knee)嗓子疼(背疼/膝盖疼) have a pain in the back(foot/knee)背疼(脚疼/膝盖疼) (2)stomachache 可数名词,意为“胃疼;腹疼” ,是由名词 stomach(胃;腹部)加 ache(疼痛)构成的复合名词。 “身体部位+ache”构成疾病名
6、称 headache 头疼 toothache 牙疼 backache 背疼 例题:Mom,I _. Im sorry to hear that,dear. We must go to see the dentist right away. A. have a headache B. have a stomachache C. have a toothache 答案:C 由下文“dentist”可知孩子牙疼。 4.foot n. 脚脚 foot 作为可数名词用,其复数形式是 feet。 e.g. This kind of animal has four feet.这种动物有四只脚。 (1)与
7、foot 变复数的变化形式相似的词还有:tooth-teeth 牙齿 goose-geese 鹅 (2)on foot 步行,固定短语,相当于 walk。 e.g. We came here on foot.=We walked here.我们走着来这儿的。 5.fever n. 发烧发烧 e.g. Tom has a fever.汤姆发烧了。 (1)have a fever=have a temperature=run a fever 发烧 e.g. I had a temperature last night.昨晚我发烧了。 例题:Nancy took her temperature an
8、d found she had a _. A. cough B. toothache C. cold D. fever 答案:D 由上文“南希量了一下体温”可知发现她发烧了。 (2)拓展:have a high temperature/fever 发高烧 6.lie v. 躺,平躺躺,平躺 (1)lie 的各种含义: lie v. 躺,位于,平放 lay-lain-lying e.g. You should lie down.你应该躺下。 His school lies in the north of the city.他的学校位于城北。 lie v. 说谎 lied-lied-lying e
9、.g. He often lies.他经常说谎 lie n. 谎言 lies(复数) e.g. He often tells lies.他经常说谎。 例题:Look,there is a wallet _ on the playground. A. lie B. lying C. lay D. lain 答案:B There bedoing sth.为固定句式,lie 躺,位于,平放,其现在分词是 lying。 3 (2)拓展:lay v. 下蛋,放置 e.g. The hens lay a lot of eggs every day.母鸡每天下很多蛋。 Please lay the tabl
10、e before dinner.饭前请摆好餐具。 7.rest v. & n. 放松;休息放松;休息 (1)rest 作及物动词,意为“使休息” ,作不及物动词,意为“休息” 。 e.g. You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.在大量阅读之后,你应该休息一 下你的眼睛。 Im tired,and I want to rest.我累了,我想休息。 (2)rest 也可以作名词,have/take a rest=have/take a break,意为“休息一下” 。 e.g. Students have a rest/break aft
11、er each lesson.学生们每节课后都休息一下。 8.feel v. 摸起来摸起来 (1)feel 常用作系动词,其后跟形容词作表语。其主要用法有: 表示某物摸起来给人的感觉,通常要以被摸之物作主语,不可用于进行时态。 e.g. Your hand feels cold.你的手摸起来很凉。 Silk feels soft and smooth.丝绸摸起来柔软平滑。 表示某人的感觉,以人作主语,可用于进行时态。 e.g. I feel fine./Im feeling fine.我感觉良好。/我现在感觉良好。 (2)归纳: 常用的感官动词:feel 摸起来, look 看起来, soun
12、d 听起来, taste 尝起来, smell 闻起来。 (3)拓展:feel like +n. 意为“摸起来像” e.g. This wallet feels like leather.这个钱包摸起来像是皮的。 例题:This bed _ soft and comfortable. A. sounds B. tastes C. feels D. smells 答案:C 句意:这张床摸起来柔软而且舒服。 9.without prep. 没有,缺乏没有,缺乏 (1)without 后接名词、代词宾格或 v.-ing 作宾语,其反义词为 with。 e.g. We got there withou
13、t any trouble. 我们到了那儿,一路上没遇到任何麻烦。 Can you finish your homework without him? 没有他你能完成你的家庭作业吗? She left the room without saying a word. 她一句话没有说就离开了房间。 例题:The “teacher-free exam”means that students take their exams _ teachers. Students must be more honest. A. without B. against C. through D. by 答案: A 没有
14、; 反对; 通过; 被。 由后句 “学生们必须更加诚实” , 可知 “teacher-free exam”意思是没有老师监考的测试。 4 (2)拓展:without 用于否定句,还可以表示条件,意为“如果没有” ,相当于 if 引导的否定条件句。 e.g. We couldnt live without air.=We couldnt live if there werent air. 如果没有空气,我们就不能活。 例题:W_ your help,I couldnt have passed the exam. 答案:Without 句意:如果没有你的帮助,我不能通过考试。 10.hurt v.
15、 (使使)疼痛;受伤疼痛;受伤 (1)hurt-hurt(过去式)-hurt(过去分词) (2)hurt 作及物动词,表示“使疼痛,受伤;使不快” ,后接宾语。 e.g. You hurt her feelings because you forgot her birthday. 你伤了她的感情因为你忘记了她的生日。 A boy hurt himself in P.E. class.一个男孩在体育课上伤着自己了。 (3)hurt 作不及物动词,表示“感到疼痛” 。 e.g. My feet hurt. 我脚疼。 11. when the driver saw an old man lying
16、on the side of the road. ,就在此时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。,就在此时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。 (1)when 引导时间状语从句,除常常有“当时”之意外,放在过去进行时构成 的主句之后,还以为“就在此时/那时;突然”相当于 at this/that time。 e.g. He was just getting into the shower when the telephone rang. 他正要去沐浴间,这时(突然)电话响了起来。 例题:They were playing soccer on the playground _ the storm came. A. as s