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1、（广告传媒）中央广播电视大学学位英语复习真题2010.11.06PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Q
2、uestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Archaeology,likemanyacademicwords,comesfromGreekandmeans,moreorless,“thestudyofoldthings”.So,itisreallyapartofthestudyofhistory.However,mosthistoriansusepaperevidence,suchasletters,paintingsandphotographs，butarchaeologists(考古学家)learnfromtheobjectsleftbehindb
3、ythehumansoflongago.Normally,thesearethehardmaterialsthatdontbreakdownordisappearveryquicklythingslikehumanbonesandobjectsmadefromstoneandmetal.Itisveryunusualtofindanythingmorethanthehardevidenceofhistory-normally,thebacteria(细菌)intheaireatawayatsoftmaterials,likebodies,clothesandthingsmadeofwood.O
4、ccasionally,thingsaredifferent.In1984,twomenmadeanamazingdiscoverywhileworkinginabogcalledLindowMoss,inthenorthofEngland.Abogisaverywetareaofearth,withalotofplantsgrowinginit.Itcanbelikeaverybigandverythickvegetablesoupwalkinthewrongplaceandyoucansinkanddisappearforever.Themenwereworkingwhenoneofthe
5、msawsomethingstickingoutahumanfoot!Naturally,themencalledthepolice，whothenfoundtherestofthebody.Wasitacaseofmurder?Possibly-butitwasadeathnearlytwothousandyearsold.ThetwomenhadfoundabodyfromthetimeoftheRomaninvasionofBritain.Despitebeingsoold,thisbodyhadskin,muscles,hairandinternalorgansthescientist
6、swhoexaminedhimwereabletolookinsidethemansstomachandfindthefoodthathehadeatenforhislastmeal!Whywasthismansowellpreserved?(76)Itwasbecausehewasinaverywateryenvironment,safefi:omthebacteriathatneedoxygentolive.Also,thewaterinthebogwasveryacidic.Theacidpreservedthemansskininthewaythatanimalskinispreser
7、vedforleathercoatsandshoes.Howdidhedie?Understandably,archaeologistsandotherscientistswantedtoknowmoreaboutthepersonthattheycalled,“LindowMan”.(77)Hishandsandfingernailssuggestedthathehadntdoneheavymanualworkinhislifehecouldhavebeenarichman.Theyfoundthathehadntdiedbyaccident.Thearchaeologistsbelieve
8、thathewassacrificedtothreedifferentgods.1.Whichlanguagedoestheword“archaeology”comefrom?A.French.B.Greek.C.Roman.D.German.2.Theword“these”inthefirstparagraphrefersto_.A.lettersB.photographsC.paintingsD.objects3.Whichofthefollowinghelpedtopreserve“LindowMan”?A.IceandIowtemperature.B.Bacteriaandoxygen
9、.C.Soilandenergy.D.Acidandwater.4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.“LindowMan”wasnamedafterthepersonwhofirstfoundhim.B.Historiansusuallyusepaperevidence,whilearchaeologistsusehardevidence.C.“LindowMan”wasfoundbytwoarchaeologistsinthesouthofEngland.D.“LindowMan”wasgoodatman
10、ualwork.5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatIsArchaeology?B.ArchaeologyandHistoryC.AnAmazingArchaeologicalDiscoveryD.TheDeathof“LindowMan”Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodi
11、scusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothavehadthegreatartofShakespeare.Andyet,citylifeisnteasy.Nowscientistshavebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffectsthebrain,andtheresultsaredepressing.Justbeinginanurbanenvironment,theyhavefo
12、und,impairs(损害)ourbasicmentalprocesses.(78)Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsuffersfromreducedself-control.Whileitslongbeenrecognizedthatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.Oneofth
13、emainforcesatworkisacompletelackofnature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain.Studieshavedemonstrated,forinstance,thathospitalpatientsrecovermorequicklywhentheycanseetreesfromtheirwindows,andthatwomenlivinginpublichousingarebetterabletofocuswhentheirapartmentsoverlookalawn.Eventheseglimpsesofnat
14、ureimprovebrainperformance,itseems,becausetheyprovideamentalbreakfromtheurbanlife.Thisresearcharrivesjustashumanscrossanimportantmilestone(里程碑).Forthefirsttimeinhistory,themajorityofpeopleliveincities.Insteadofinhabitingwide-openspaces,werecrowdedintoconcretejungles,surroundedbytrafficandmillionsofS
15、trangers.Inrecentyears,itsbecomeclearthatsuchunnaturalsurroundingshaveimportantimplicationsforourmentalandphysicalhealth,andcanpowerfullyalterhowwethink.Thisresearchisalsoleadingsomescientiststodabble(涉足)inurbandesign,astheylookforwaystomakethecitylessdamagingtothebrain.(79)Thegoodnewsisthatevenslig
16、htalterations,suchasplantingmoretreesintheinnercityorcreatingurbanparkswithagreatervarietyofplants,cansignificantlyreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.Themindneedsnature,andevenalittlebitcanbeabighelp.6.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Thecityinspirestalentedpeople.B.Thecityhurtsyourbrain.C.Thecityhasmanypleasuresandbenefits.D.Thecityseriouslyaffectsthenaturalbalance.7.T
