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1、(VR虚拟现实)虚拟语气知识框架虚拟语气知识框架1.含有条件状语从句的复合句三大版块2.宾语从句(1)wish+宾语从句虚(2)suggest+宾语从句拟3.其它从句语用过去式表现在情况气1.时态后退型用过去完成式表过去两种形式用过去将来表将来2.should+动词原形型内容详述I.含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语)时间条件状语从句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+S+didS+would/should/could/might+do与过去事实相反的假设If+S+haddoneS+would/should/could/might+havedone与将来事实相反的假设didIf+Ssho
2、ulddoneweretodoS+would/should/could/might+do注意事项:1倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had,should,were时,可以省去If,把功能词提前,构成倒装句。2混合时间。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间,则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。3Iftherewerent/hadnotbeen+=without4Ifitwerenotfor/Ifithadntbeenfor=butfor5otherwise+虚拟语气的句子6虚拟语气的句子,but+陈述事实的句子II.宾语从句sb.did(希望现在用过去式)1.wish+thatsb.haddone(希望过
3、去用过去完成式)sb.would/soulddo(希望将来用过去将来)2.suggest+(that)S+should+do表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句,谓语用should动词原形,should常常省略。这类词有:decide,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,suggest,recommend,requested,require等。注意:1.suggest当“建议”讲时,其宾语从句用虚拟语气;当“表明”时,用陈述语气2.insist当坚持“看法或建议”时,宾语从句用虚拟语气;当坚持“某个事实”时,用陈述语气3.所有和以上动词相关的从句
4、均应该用虚拟语气(1)在Itis过去分词thatS+(should)+do这类过去分词有:decided,demanded,desired,insisted,ordered,proposed,suggested,recommended,requested,required等。eg.Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadythisevening(2)在Itis名词thatS+(should)+do这类名词有:advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,motion,order,pity,preference,proposal
5、,recommendation,requirement,resolution,shame,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。eg.Itismyproposalthathe(should)besenttostudyfurtherabroad(3)虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气,其表达形式为(should)动词原形。这类名词常见的有:advice,suggestion,proposal,order,demand,desire,request,requirement,recommendation以及plan,
6、idea,resolution等。eg.Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion(should)beputoff(4)虚拟语气用在表语从句中。某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时,表语从句需用虚拟语气,其表达形式为(should)动词原形。这类名词常见的有(同3中的名词):advice,suggestion,proposal,order,demand,desire,request,requirement,recommendation以及plan,idea,resolution等。eg.Mysuggestionisthatthemayor(sh
7、ould)presenttheprizes.III.其它从句(1)Itis(abouthigh)timethatsb.didsth/shoulddosth.eg.Dontyouthinkitsabouttimewewenthome?注:在thisisthefirsttimesecondtimethat句型中,从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。eg.IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedHongkong?(2)asif(asthough)引导的方式状语从句中。在asif(asthough)引导的方式状语从句中,常用虚拟语气,其动词形式与wish后接宾语从句中的形
8、式相同。eg.AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhewereaRoman(3)虚拟语气用在lest,forfearthat及incase引导的目的状语从句中。在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气,表示“以防,以免”等意思,其谓语动词多由should动词原形构成,should也可省略。eg.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain(4)虚拟语气在表示客气、遗憾以及祝愿等场合中,使用虚拟语气。eg.Youshouldnthavebeenfollowinghimsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyour
9、distance(5).wouldrathersb.didsth.eg.Idratheryoucameherefortheanswertomorrowmorning.(6)Ifonlysb./sth.+时态后退型的谓语eg.Ifonlyyouwereherewithmerightnow.练习1.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI_thesportsmeet.A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.wouldtakepartinC.shouldtakenpartinD.hadtakenpartin2.HowIwishit_!A.isntrainingB.didntrain
10、C.werentrainingD.doesntrain3.Iwouldratheryou_nextSunday.A.comeB.cameC.willcomeD.arecoming4.IsuggestthatMary_tothelectureherself.A.goB.goesC.wouldgoD.went5.Butherfacesuggeststhat_frightenedindeed.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.be6.Theheadmasterrequestedthateveryone_presentattheceremony.A.beB.wouldbeC.wasD.must
11、be7.Itisnecessarythattheresultofanexperiment_.A.becheckedandrecheckedB.wouldbecheckedC.shouldbecheckandrecheckD.ischeckedandrechecked8.IfI_you,Iwouldnotsingsuchsongs.A.wasB.wereC.amD.willbe9.Iamsorryyoutoldhimthesecret.Iwishyou_himthesecret.A.didnttellB.wouldnttellC.willnottellD.hadnottold10.Shelook
12、sasifshe_nothingaboutitbefore.A.knowsB.wouldknowC.hadknownD.hasknown11.Themaninsistedthathe_seethatstrangeaman.A.hadntseenB.didntseeC.shouldntseeD.wouldntsee12.Heinsistedthatshe_thematteratthemeeting.A.takeupB.takesupC.willtakeupD.wouldtakeup13.Itisnecessarythat_anexplanationforhisabsencefromclass.A
13、.hegivesB.hegaveC.hewillgiveD.hegive14.Ithinkitstimewe_.A.getupB.setoutC.turntosb.D.makeadecision15.Irememberthewholethingasifit_yesterday.A.willhappenB.wouldhappenC.happenedD.hadhappened16.Ineverexpectedthattheproblem_socomplicated.A.shouldbeB.willbeC.wasD.wouldbe17.Ifwe_wingslikebirds,weshouldbeab
14、letoflyinthesky.A.haveB.hadC.havingD.havehad18.Ilikethefilmverymuch.IwishI_itlastyearwhenitwasonforthefirsttimeinourcity.A.sawB.seeChadseenD.wouldsee19.Iwontbeabletogotheretomorrow._theretomorrow,Iwouldseeyou.A.WereIgoB.WentIC.shouldIgoD.IfIgo20.IwouldhavegonetoAmericawithmyfriends,butI_bymymother.A.wasstoppedB.wouldbestoppedC.willbestoppedD.werestopped21.TomandAnnrequiredthatwe_atthebanquetatsixintheevening.A.wouldbeB.couldbeC.shouldbeD.mightbe22.He_paymuchattentiontostudyingmethods;otherwisehewouldhavenotfallenbehindtheothers.A.didntB.doesntC.wontD.cant23.Iwouldhavegonetoseeyouyesterday,but