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1、Noun clauses as the object and predicative,Unit 3 Grammar,宾语从句、表语从句,Discussion,He bought a pen. He depends on it. I am a teacher.,what we saw yesterday.,what you give him.,what I am.,及物动词或介词+ 宾语 系动词+ 表语,常见系动词：be, look, seem, appear, remain, 等,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。 主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或 一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复 合句的主体，从句仅仅
2、是主句的一个 成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句 在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。 宾语从句即以从句形式在全句中作宾语。 表语从句即以从句形式在全句中作表语。,宾语从句、表语从句,He told us that they would help us through the whole work. 2. He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 3. The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 4. The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 mann
3、ed spaceship was sent up into space,5. We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 6. She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. 7. His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 8. I dont understand why so many people are crowding round him.,引导宾语从句和表语从句的连词有： 连词that 宾从：if,
4、whether 表从：whether He knows that Jim will work hard. 连接代词who, whose, what, which Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 连接副词when, where, how, why Could you tell me how we can get to the station?,以及how much/many/far/和ever( whatever, whenever, whichever, whoever, whomever, wherever, however) I d
5、ont know how far it is from here to Tokyo. You can have whatever you like.,表语从句还要多两个连词：because, as if/though Thats because he is good at thinking. It looks as if he doesnt know about it.,如何确定连词？,先看句子含义，再看从句中句子成分的完整情况,He said _ he had a good time. I havent decided _ Ill go home. Im thinking about _ i
6、s fit for the job.,4) Shuifu is _ I work. 5) Shuifu is _ I visit.,that,if/ whether,who,where,what,句子意思、成分完整不缺-that,从句是个疑问，不差特殊疑问词含义的: if/ whether 缺特殊疑问词含义的：该疑问词,whether/if,whether和if都有“是否”的意思，一般情况下两者可以换用，但在介词之后、不定式之前、与or not连用、在句首或在引导表语从句同位语从句时，只能用whether。,I want to know if/whether the news is true.
7、,He doesnt know whether to stay or not.,that 无义，在从句中不作成分 what “什么” “所的”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,He said that he would come here again. He chose what he liked.,which “哪一个/一些”， 已有对象，从中要做选择，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,He showed me some pens and asked me which one I liked. He asked me what I liked.,what“什么” “所的”，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语
8、where “哪里”，在从句中作地点状语 We came to where we would have a picnic. We came to what we called fairyland.,whatever “无论什么”,I agree with whatever he says. I agree with what he said just now.,who 在从句中作主语、宾语 whom 在从句中作宾语 I wonder who can replace him to go there. I wonder who/ whom theyre talking about. You sho
9、uld pay attention to _ you think has strange behaviours. ( whoever? whomever? whoever/ whomever?),whoever,宾补动词 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语 find/think/feel/make + it + adj./ n. + 宾语从句 We find it necessary that we should practice English often. They make it a rule that they take turns to do the cleaning.,动词doubt
10、用在疑问句或否定句时，其后宾语从句常用that作连接词；用在肯定句时，连接词用whether或if皆可，而不用that。 Do you doubt that he will win? I dont doubt that your proposition is wrong. He doubts whether/if I know it.,suggest/ advise/ request/require/demand/insist/order that 主语+ (should) do + The suggestion/ advice/ request/ requirement/ order/ de
11、mand/. is that 主语+ (should) do + They suggested that he (should) go at once. Their suggestion was that he (should) go at once.,The reason is that 从句 The reason is that theyre careful.,介词后宾语从句不能用that, if,They think that youre right. They thought about who did it. They thought about whether they could
12、 make it.,1 Do you know _? A. what time will the plane take off B. what time would the plane take off C. what time the plane will take off D. the plane will take off at what time,解析: 宾语从句要用陈述句的语序， 故选C。,2 The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter,解析: 本题主句用了过去式，故从句要 用过去范畴的时态，所以排除C和D， 又因为what在从句中充当主语，所 以语序不变，故选A。,
