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1、 模块十九：首字母填空一、首字母填空解题技巧首字母填空是阅读体中的一个重点和难点，但是只要掌握良好的解题技巧，静下心来认真对待，细心捉摸就一定能攻克这一堡垒。在做这道题是一般应该把握好如下步骤：1、 通读全文，理解短文大意，判断需填选项的词性，同时将一眼能够得出的答案迅速填上。2、 在理解作者的写作意图上进行换位思考，把自己想象成作者去努力使文章完整、通顺。对于一下子拿不定主意的空项要及时跳过，而不能在上面纠缠，因为往往后面的内容会给予更好的提示。3、 进一步阅读全文，力求整篇文章完整通顺，且符合情理，否则宁缺勿乱。4、 检查每一个答案的正确性，包括名词的数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的准确运用
2、等等。二、例题分析：AThe earth moves round the s 1 . When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is d 2 .When our part of the earth turns a 3 from the sun, it is night. The sun is much bigger than the moon. But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it is much n 4 to the earth.The sun is ve
3、ry bright. It gives very strong l 5 . The moon looks quite bright, but it d 6 give any light at all. The light from the moon comes f 7 the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter t 8 the stars. But in fact the stars are a lot bigger and brighter than the m 9 . They look smaller than the moon be
4、cause they are f 10 away from the earth.【解题指导】 本文是一篇科普文章。第一段说明了地球因自转而产生昼夜交替。第二、四两段说明了人们观看月亮、太阳和星星时发生的近大远小的视觉现象，第三段说明了太阳与月亮发光与反光的特征。本文每一个考点都是对天文知识的考查。因此，没有一定的天文常识，则不易读懂本文，更不用说解题了。近年来，中考完形填空的题材趋于多样化。人物、科普、史地、故事、政治、经济、风土人情，均为选材范围，这就要求考生知识广博、视野开阔、广泛涉猎。【答案及简析】 1. sun. 地球围绕太阳运转是天文常识。 2. day. 地球面对太阳的半个球面是白
5、天。 3. away. turn away from意为“背离”。地球上背对太阳的一面是夜晚。 4. nearer. much 后接比较级。和太阳比起来月亮离地球近多了。 5. light. give light意为“发光”。太阳是发光体。 6. doesnt. 月亮不发光。 7. from. 月亮反射太阳的光，人们所看到的月亮的光来自于太阳。 8. than. 由空前的bigger and brighter 可知，此处应填表示比较的连词than。 9. moon. 根据文意，下句的they代指空格所在句子的主语the stars。因此两句中than后的应是同一物，即moon。 10. far
6、ther. 恒星看起来比月亮小，是因为它们离地球比月亮远。从句中的than the moon承前省略。此空仍应该用比较级。 BDogs are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3arrives. When you buy a dog, an important thing
7、to think about is its s 4 -buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y 5 is larger. Many people dont know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a 6 anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. Dont let your dogs eat too much
8、. Feed it only once a day. Always l 8 water for your dog. It can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9 . Remember that dogs need e 10 . You should take it for a walk every day. Dont keep your dog inside all day.【解题指导】本文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或两句话的内容是对所填词的内容进行补充说明的。因此，同学们在做这种类型的题时，一定要注意分析上下文的内
9、容，进行推理和归纳，正确的理解句意，最后决定出最佳的词及其正确形式。 【答案及简析】 1. friendly. 人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养，主要是因为它们比较通人性，且对人很友好，能给人们带来欢乐。根据“be very f 1 to people”来分析，此空应填一个形容词，表明狗对人的态度。friend是名词，friendly是形容词，故friendly是正确答案。 2. children. 宠物狗自然是在家中养， 它们除了听主人的话以外，与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。由于是指大多数家庭的情况，并受their一词的提示，此处应填“孩子”的复数形式，即children。 3. strange
10、r. 狗的天性是护家。文中的watch-dogs意为“看家狗”，专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。“生人”在英文中即为stranger。 4. size. 这个空略微有点难。一是size一词平时用得较少，二是一般家庭都养小型犬，供狗活动的空间一般不成问题，因此，对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看，此处是在谈狗的体积的问题“如果你的家小，就买一只小狗；如果你的家大，就买一只大狗。” 5. yours. 这是一个名词性物主代词，代替上半句的your home。此句完整的说法应是buy a small dog if your home is small and buy a bigger one
11、if your home is larger. 为避免词的重复使用，在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。 6. almost. “狗几乎什么都吃。”这一点我们从日常生活中也都知道，而且本句话的后面也进行了进一步的解释说明，“他们喜欢吃肉，米饭和其它的东西。” 7. made. 这是make的过去分词，在这里与for dogs一起做定语，修饰food，整句的意思是“你可以在食品店买到许多为狗做的食物。”这个空也是一个难点。若没有正确理解句意，很容易写成meat。 8. leave. 有养狗经验的同学都知道，每天一定要给狗留下供它喝的水。狗是靠舌头来散热的，因此它极易渴，特别是在夏天
12、。 9. summer. 如果了解了狗的这一生理功能（靠舌头来散热），就不难填出summer一词。 10. exercise. 如果想让狗养成好习惯并不生病的话，就必须每天带它出去散步。从下面的句子You should take it for a walk every day. Dont keep your dog inside all day. 来看，说明狗也需要运动。exercise当“运动”讲时， 是一个不可数名词，不能在词尾加s。 【基础题】1A driver stopped his car on a street side to have a rest. He lay down in
13、 the seat and c_ his eyes. A man came up and k_ at the window to ask the time. The driver o_ his eyes and looked at his watch. Its 8 am. he said. Then he went to sleep again.But soon he woke up b_ a second person was knocking at the window. Sir, do you have the time? he asked. The driver looked at h
14、is watch again, and told the man it was 8:30am.At this rate, he could not have a good rest, so he wrote a short n_ and put it upon the window for all to see. It s_: I dont have the time. Again the man lay down in the seat for his sleep. A few minutes later, a t_ person came along and began knocking
15、at the window. “Hay, sir,” he said. It is a quarter to nine.Keys: closed, knocked, opened, because, note, said, third.2It was Sunday. I never get up e_ on Sundays. I sometime s_ in bed until lunch time. Last Sunday I got up very l_. I looked out of the window. It was d_ outside. What a day! I thought. It is raining again. Just then, the telephone rang. It was my Aunt Lucy. I have just arrived by train, she said. I am c_ to see you.But I
