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1、2020年一模CD篇目录一、 西城一模二、 朝阳一模三、 顺义一模四、 丰台一模五、 延庆一模六、 通州一模七、 密云一模八、 平谷一模九、 门头沟一模十、 石景山一模十一、大兴一模十二、东城一模十三、房山一模It Is Never Too Early to Thinkand Communicatelike a ScientistWho is a scientist and what is his job? A chemist doing experiments? A geologist out studying rocks? When most people think about scie
2、nce, they imagine characters making discoveries or finding cures （治疗方法）for new diseases. However, these leave out an extremely important part of the scientific process: communicating一sharing the results of that work.Imagine if someone discovered something important about a disease. Other scientists
3、need to understand the work well enough to use these new developments to make even more discoveries in the future. The public, too, needs to understand how these discoveries might influence their lives. But none of this will be possible if the work is not shared. Being a scientist goes far beyond th
4、e moment of discovery.Without clear communication, scientists would not be able to use the work that has already been done. So how do scientists tell others about the work that they have done? How do they make sure that everything that they share is as clear and correct as possible?Researchers publi
5、sh their work in scientific journals （期刊）.These journals can be read by other researchers around the world. It is very important for these journals, and for the scientists who read them, to make sure that the research included is as correct as possible. In order to do that, articles given to scienti
6、fic journals before publication first go through a process called peer review. Other scientists who do research in areas related to the work in an article are asked to read through it. Scientists also provide feedback to the writers. They bring up new questions the writer may not have considered, re
7、cognize limitations to the results being described, and also make sure that no mistakes were made during the process.Frontiers for Young Minds is a scientific journal written forand reviewed by young people. All of the articles in it are based on works already published in a peer reviewed scientific
8、 journal. However, while scientists are good at making sure that articles are understandable for other scientists, there are no better experts to make sure that something can be understood by young people than the young people themselves- By working together with an experts young reviewers read the
9、article to see if any part of the article is hard to understands make it clear why the experiment was done in the way it was done） and check whether the figures （数据）clearly explain the point of the article.Basically, these young reviewers learn to think like scientists. It is never too early to star
10、t! Ask questions, learn new things, and dont forget the importance of communicating your findings.21. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. What is required to be a good scientist.B. Who should understand a scientists job.C. Why sharing the results of scientific work is important.D. How scientists mak
11、e sure their work is clear and correct.22. From the passage we can know that .A. scientists are good at working together with othersB. young people usually enjoy reading scientific journalsC. in peer review, other scientists bring up questions to readersD. young reviewers help make articles in Front
12、iers for Young Minds more readable23. What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A. To introduce how scientists do their jobs.B. To offer practical advice on how to ask scientific questions.C. To explain the effects of peer review on scientific journals.D. To encourage young people to
13、think and excommunicate like scientists.D西城一模Why Wisdom （智慧）Doesnt Work as Well as We Think It DoesWe relate wisdom to age. Most of us believe that gaining wisdom is like picking up stones on a path: the longer youre on the path, the more stones youll collect.It seems a reasonable inference, then, t
14、he older you are, the more wisdom you have. Older people usually make fewer careless mistakes, and they often know the best course of action in a given situation. But I think theres another explanation at play here, which we might consider in the light of what we know about human decision-making.The
15、re are two different ways of decision-making: plans and habits. Heres an example of how these ways differ. If you5re driving somewhere for the first time, youll need a plan. You will need to know whether to turn left or right, because you dont already have that information stored away in your head.
16、On the other hand, you dont need a plan when youre going somewhere familiar （熟悉的） because the order of steps that will take you there is stored as a habit. But if you find that the road is blocked by fallen trees, youll have to think about another way. Such a plan allows you to more easily deal with new situations, but they require a lot more attention.The use of plans and habits changes o
