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1、2020年北京市顺义区初三一模英语考试逐题解析二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Changing Makes You More ConfidentI used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didnt like attention drawn to myself. And unless otherwise assigned (指定) a seat by the teacher, I always _ (13) to sit at t
2、he back of the classroom.All this changed after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a _ (14) idea because I didnt have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the _ (15) to keep pace with the others on the team and th
3、ey would laugh at me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it”, I wouldnt have decided to give it a try.When I first started _ (16) the practice sessions, I didnt even know the rules of the game, much less what I was doing. Sometimes Id get confused and take a shot at the wrong _
4、(17) which made me feel really stupid. Fortunately, I wasnt the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to focus on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didnt know “just yet”.I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the _ (18) and the
5、“moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating (激励,动力). With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the process friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!With my improved self-confidence comes more _ (19) from teachers and classmates.
6、I have gone from “_ (20)” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, to raising my hand even when I sometimes wasnt 100 percent sure I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.13. A. hopedB. agreedC. meantD. chose【答案】D【解析】本题考查动词。本句译为“除非我被老师指定了一个座
7、位，否则的话我总是会_ 坐在教室的后面。”根据前面的被指定，可知被指定也就是没有选择，因此选项D符合语境。选项A译为“希望”；选项B译为“同意”；选项C译为“意味着”；选项D译为“选择”。 故正确答案为选项D。14.A. goodB. crazyC. commonD. bright【答案】B【解析】本题考查形容词。本句译为“在一开始我觉得这是一个_ 的想法因为我没有很好的平衡感”，根据后面主人公没有平衡感，可知主人公不擅长打篮球，因此选项B符合语境。选项A译为“好的”；选项B译为“疯狂的”；选项C译为“共同的”；选项D译为“明智的”。故正确答案为选项B。15.A. abilityB. righ
8、tC. chanceD. patience【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词。本句译为“因为我没有好的平衡感，也没有在比赛中赶上别人步伐的 _，然后他们会笑话我。”本句结合赶上别人步伐，结合语义应知此处是能力，选项A译为“能力”，符合语境。选项B译为“权利”；选项C译为“机会”，选项D译为“耐心”。故正确答案为选项A。16.A. enjoyingB. preparingC. attendingD. watching【答案】C【解析】本题考查动词。本句译为“我在一开始 _ 训练环节的时候，并不知道游戏的规则，对于我在做什么更是知之甚少”根据句意可知选项C“参加；出席”符合语境。选项A译为“享受”；选
9、项B译为“准备”， prepare表达“为.做准备”时，需要与for连用；选项C译为“参加；出席”；选项D译为“观看”。故正确答案为选项C。17.A. directionB. decisionC. competitionD. discussion【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词。本句译为“有时我很困惑，投篮都投错_了。”根据句意，选项A译为“方向”，符合语境。选项B译为“决定”；选项C译为“比赛”；选项D译为“讨论”。故正确答案为选项A。18.A. stepsB. rulesC. ordersD. games【答案】B【解析】本题考查名词。本句译为“（我不断练习），很快了解了打篮球的 _ 和移动
10、。”该题选择B选项“规则”，对应前文第三段第一句“当我参加练习赛之初，我甚至都不知道比赛的规则”。选项A译为“步伐”与and后面的moves重复；选项C译为“顺序、指令”；选项D译为“比赛”。 故正确答案为选项B。19.A. praiseB. adviceC. comfortD. courage【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词。本句译为“伴随我不断提升的自信而来的是老师和同学们的_。”该题应该选择表达褒义和肯定的词，再结合上文中“我交到了对我的努力表达尊敬的朋友”，故正答案为选项A“赞扬”。选项B译为“建议、忠告”；选项C译为“安慰”；选项D译为“勇气”。故正确答案为选项A。20.A. drea
11、mingB. talkingC. fightingD. hiding【答案】D【解析】本题考查动词。本句译为“我从把自己_在班级后排不想引起注意的人，成长为即使有时我不百之百确定问题的答案却依然昂首挺胸的人”。选项A译为“做梦、梦想”；选项B译为“讨论”；选项C译为“战斗”；选项D译为“隐藏”。故正确答案为选项D。六、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(共26分，每小题2分)CWe take showers and use the toilet every day to get rid of bodily waste. Our brains
12、also need to take a bath every day. How can they do it?A 2013 study found the answer. Researchers at the US University of Rochester studied the brains of mice and discovered that they cleaned themselves while the mice slept. A kind of fluid in the brain, called cerebral spinal fluid (CSF,脑脊液) was fo
13、und to increase dramatically (显著地) during sleep, washing away waste proteins that had been building up between brain cells in waking hours .“This study shows that the brain has different functional states when asleep and when awake,” Maiken Nedergaard, the lead researcher, told NBC News. It also exp
14、lains why we cant seem to think clearly after a sleepless night while a good nights sleep leaves us feeling sharp and refreshed.Now a new study, published on Oct 31 in Science, digs a little deeper into our brains self-cleaning procedure. Instead of mice, this time humans were the test subjects.Rese
15、archers at Boston University, US, monitored (监测) the brain waves of 13 healthy adults who were sleeping , using accelerated fMRI, which is capable of recording faster changes inside the brain than a regular fMRI machine. They found that every 20 seconds, blood flowed out of the brain, making room for a large amount of CSF to come in and “clean”. This cycle coincided with (与一致) the rhythm of the brains slow waves-an electrical activity that happens when were in deep sleep. Its still unknown how these brain activities are connected. But the mere fact th
