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1、北京2011年高考7选五试题 Public Speaking and Critical Thinking What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, its a matter of logic(逻辑)of being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assess
2、ing the soundness of evidence. In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to
3、produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking. 72 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this way seem like a purely mechanical(机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech
4、is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confuse. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 73 What is true of organization is true
5、of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of s
6、ituations. If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as vital part of education since the days ancient Greece. A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping
7、the ideas themselves. B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it. C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas. E. If you are wondering what thi
8、s has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot. F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways. G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms
9、of communication as well. 公众演讲与批判性思维批判性思维是什么?在某种程度上,它是一个跟逻辑相关的问题.它意味着能找出他人言论中的薄弱处,并且能避免在自己的言论中出现同样的错误.批判性思维还包括一些相关的技能,比如区别实事和观点,以及评估证据的充足程度.广义地说,批判性思维是专注于某一事物的、有组织的思考.是一种能清晰辨别出不同观点之间关系的能力.71.最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家常常把已有的信息进行不同的组合,从而产生新的想法（这句话貌似原文有点问题啊.).这也是批判性思维.72.举个例子,随着课程的进行,你可能会花大量的时间来组织你的演讲词.虽然这也许可以说是纯
10、粹的机械的练习,它同时也与批判性思维密切相关.如果你演讲词的结构是松散混乱的,那你的思维很可能也是混乱没有清晰思路的.在另一方面,如果你的结构是清晰的,那么有很大的可能性你的思维也是这样.组织你的演讲词并不仅仅是安排你已有的观点这么简单.73.适用于组织（应该是说前文的演讲词.)的理论,同样适用于公众演讲的很多方面.74.当你致力于用清晰准确的语言来表达你的观点时,你同时也在提高做到清晰准确地思考的能力.75.当你学着用挑剔的心态去听班级里的发言,你将能在多种情况下更好地评估发言者的 观点.如果你能充分地利用你的演讲课,你将能提高在多种场合下都能成为批判性思考者的能力.这就是公众演讲自从古希腊就被看做教育中极其重要的一部分的原因之一.A：它还是形成那些观点自身的重要部分.（这里rather表转折吧,照应上面not only）B:这看起来可能是很长一段时间,但是花费这些时间所换来的奖赏（成果）是非常值得的.C：这可能还会帮助你意识到并没有“完美无缺的演讲”这种东西.D：人们常常说：“这世上很少有新的思想,（大多）只是重新组织的思想.”E：如果你在想这跟你的公众演讲课有什么关系,答案是有很多关系.F：你在你的演讲课上学到的技能能在许多方面帮助你成为一个更有效率的思考者.G：当你学习证据和推理在做一次演讲中的角色时,同样你将会看到它们在其他形式的交流中是如何被用到的.答案：DEAFG
