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1、江西省2012届高三英语二轮专项训练：阅读理解（57）阅读下列短文, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。ATobacco was first used by the people of pre-Columbian Americas Native Americans apparently cultivated the plant and smoked it in pipes for medical and ceremonial purposesChristopher Columbus brought a few tobacco leaves and seeds with
2、him back to Europe, but most Europeans didnt get their first taste of tobacco until the mid-16th century, when adventurers and diplomats like Frances Jean Nicotfor whom nicotine is namedbegan to popularize its use Tobacco was introduced to France in 1556, Portugal in 1558, Spain in 1559, and England
3、 in 1565The first successful commercial crop was cultivated in Virginia in 1612 by Englishman John Rolfe Within seven years, it was the colonys largest export Over the next two centuries, the growth of tobacco as a cash crop fueled the demand in North America for slave laborAt first, tobacco was pro
4、duced mainly for pipe-smoking, chewing, and snuff Cigars didnt become popular until the early 1800s Cigarettes, which had been around in crude form since the early 1600s, didnt become widely popular in the United States until after the Civil War, with the spread of “Bright” tobacco, a uniquely cured
5、 yellow leaf grown in Virginia and North Carolina Cigarette sales surged（急剧上升） again with the introduction of the “White Burley” tobacco leaf and the invention of the first practical cigarette-making machine, sponsored by tobacco baron James Buchanan “Buck” Duke, in the late 1880sThe negative health
6、 effects of tobacco were not initially known; in fact, most early European physicians subscribed to the Native American belief that tobacco can be an effective medicineBy the early 20th century, with the growth in cigarette smoking, articles addressing the health effects of smoking began to appear i
7、n scientific and medical journals1. What does the underlined word “fueled” in Paragraph 3 mean?A IncreasedB MetC DecreasedD Affected2According to the first paragraph, what did the Native Americans use the tobacco for?A Economic purposesB Medical purposesC Ceremonial purposesD Both B and C3Which of t
8、he following is NOT the reason for the popularity of the cigarette?A The first practical invention of cigarette making machineB The breakout of the Civil WarC The introduction of the “White Burley” tobacco leafD Slave labors pouring in4Which of the following statements in Not right according to the
9、passage?A The tobacco was first used by the pre-Columbian American peopleB The tobacco smoking spread very quickly in Europe during the 16the centuryC The growth of tobacco directly led to the increase demand for the slave laborD Cigarette had become widely popular in the United States before the Ci
10、vil War5What can we infer from the last paragraph?A Smoking has no negative effects to peoples healthB People began to pay more attention to the negative effects of smoking by the early 20th centuryC There are lots of articles promoting the cigarettes sales by the early 20th centuryD Smoking will be
11、 sure to result in cancerBChina began reforming college admissions in 2003 Since that time, in addition to the national college entrance examination reforms, the country has allowed some universities to set their own test papers In this way, they are able to enroll students independently But student
12、s have to go to many provinces where the universities are located to sit the examsHowever, things will change soon In 2010, five universitiesShanghai Jiaotong University, University of Science and Technology of China, Xian Jiaotong University, Nanjing University and Tsinghua Universitywill join hand
13、s to make the free university enrollment program easier The five universities joint（联合的）exams will be held at exam sites in most of Chinas provinces and regions This means that most students will just need to take the exams in their home provinceEach candidate（考生）will be able to apply for two of the
14、 five universities If the application fails, a student will then be able to apply to a third university If the application is successful, a student still has to take the national college entrance exam, but he or she will be given extra points in the examThe exam will be made up of written exams and
15、an interview The written exams will have tow sectionsthe “General Exam” and the “Special Exam” In a number of subjects, including Chinese, math, English, natural sciences （for students of science）, and liberal arts（人文）（for liberal arts students） the general exam section will be the same In the Speci
16、al Exam, each university will have its own exam questions Some universities Special Exam sections will take place at the same time as the General Exam, while others will take place together with the interviewIn the joint exams, total points will not be the only criteria for college entrance Those who exce
