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1、Unit 4 Inventions and Inventors【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Book 15 Unit 4 (I)学会用动词的被动语态描述物体的使用方法，构成成份和功能作用。二. 教学重点： 1. 动词一般现在时被动语态。 2. 动词一般过去时被动语态。 3. 动词一般将来时被动语态。 4. 情态动词的被动语态 5. 重点词汇三. 具体内容：（一）被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动词的承受者，也就是动作的对象。一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。被动语态的用法：1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者时，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，e.g. Pri
2、nting was introduced into Europe from China.A new bridge will be built here next year.2）当我们关心动作的承受者但也关心动作的执行者时，用by加动作的执行者。e.g. The town was destroyed by an earthquake.英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。时态举例：1. 一般现在时：Football is played all over the world.English is spoken in Britain, the US and some other c
3、ountries.Roger, you are wanted on the phone.2. 一般过去时：The Great Hall of the People was built in 1959.His leg was broken in an accident.The International was written in 1871 by Eugene Potter, the French worker-poet.3. 一般将来时:More schools will be built in my hometown.He will be taken to hospital tomorro
4、w. 4. 情态动词的被动语态The meat should be kept in a fridge.Rice can be boiled or steamed.This material must be handled carefully.Text:The first paper was (make) in China in 105 AD by a man called Cai Lun. The oldest pieces of paper still existed were made in about 150 AD. For over 500 years the art of makin
5、g paper was (limit) to China. In 610, papermaking was (introduce) into Japan, and then into Central Asia in about the year 750. Paper made its first appearance in Egypt in about 800 but it was not (produce) there until the year 900. Kites (know) in China about 3,000 years ago. They were used in batt
6、les to transport supplies to soldiers who were in danger.Wheelbarrows (invent) in the Han dynasty. They were used by builders to carry heavy supplies. In a battle, wheelbarrows were used to carry injured or dead soldiers.Gunpowder (discover) by the Chinese who used it for making fireworks hundreds o
7、f years ago. It was probably introduced into Europe from the Middle East.Umbrellas (invent) by the Chinese. They were made from oiled paper and bamboo. Red and Yellow umbrellas (use) by higher class, and blue umbrellas were used by the common people.Soccer (develop) in England in the 12th century. B
8、ut hundreds of years before this-around 200 BC- a similar game (play) at the beginning of the Han dynasty in China.Magic squares are a very old type of number puzzle. They (invent) in China before the end of the 1st century AD. In a magic square, no matter from which direction you add up the numbers
9、, the result is the same. Ex. Fill in the blanks with is, are.Camera often used when people travel.Milk had as main food for babies.Some advice given by the professor.Bread taken three times a day in this family.The sheep killed by a gang of wolves.The ill teeth taken out by the dentist.The watches
10、made in Swiss.Many people hurt in the accident.Police called at once by the 2 drivers.（二）重点词汇：1. switch on Switch the light on, please.The oven is programmed for the correct time and then switched on.2. absorbWater is absorbed into the soil.He was so absorbed by the book that he failed to hear the d
11、oorbell.3. copyThis picture is a copy from Xu Beihong.Copy the following words into your exercise books.4. make ones appearanceShe made her first stage appearance at the age of 16.He has made a number of appearances on television.5. turn intoThe microwaves are absorbed by the food and they are turne
12、d into heat.6. no matter常与what, who, when, which, whose, how 连用No matter when he comes again, he will be welcomed.No matter who knocks, dont open the door.No matter what problem you have, turn to me.No matter whose bag it is, it will be kept here until the owner returns.7. be made of/fromThis bottle
13、 is made of glass.The bag is made of cloth.Butter is from milk.Paper is made from trees.8. be used for/byA saw is used for cutting wood.A microwave oven is used for heating food.Chalk is used by teachers.This notebook was used by my mother.课堂练习用be used for/by or be make of/from 补全句子：1. Spoons and fo
14、rks eating in the west.2. Greenhouse keeping the vegetables warm.3. Bamboo Chinese writing characters.4. Youd better use bags cloth instead of bags plastic.5. The beautiful lights crystal glass.6. Soap animals oil.句型转换：1. Cai Lun invented paper in 105 AD . （变成被动句）2. People grow rice in south China. （变成被动句）3. China will hold the 29th Olympic Games .（变成被动句）4. People must lock their bikes . （变成被动句）5. Gunpowder was discovered by the Chinese. （变一般疑问句）6. Very few people will be killed in car accident in the future. （变否定句）
