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1、2012届高考英语考前冲刺精品资料晨背强化系列（二十五）早读：.词汇短语过关1struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎n斗争；挣扎struggle with/against 与搏斗/斗争struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力/争取struggle through 奋力通过struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle on/along (虽艰难仍)继续做某事with a struggle 费劲地即学即练1(1)They had to _ _ their lives _ weather and wild animals.为了生存他们必须与
2、天气和野兽抗争。(2)They had to _ _ all kinds of difficulties.他们得和各样的困难作斗争。(3)She _ _ _ _ _ her attacker.她挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人。答案：struggle for against；struggle with / against；struggled to get away from(4)_ _ _ _， the old woman gained control of her business.经过长期努力，这位老妇人在业务上已能应付自如。 答案：After a long struggle2expand vt
3、.&vi. 使变大；伸展；阐述expansion n. 扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansive adj. 扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的expand into/to 使扩大，变大expand on/upon 阐述，详谈即学即练2(1)Metals _ when they are heated.金属受热会膨胀。(2)Weve _ _ _ by opening two more stores. 我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。(3)I repeated the question and waited for her to _.我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。答案：expand；expanded
4、 the business；expand3. therefore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以即学即练3He was very tired and _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired. _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired, _ he fell sound asleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。答案：therefore；Therefore；so；提示：therefore 是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而 so是连词，可接从句。4equip vt.&vi
5、. 配备；装备equipment n. U装备；设备equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/物equip sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而准备sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事be equipped with sth. 装备有某物a piece of equipment 一件设备即学即练4(1)Our classroom _ _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。(2)A go
6、od education should _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Our school has been given _ _ _.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。答案：is equipped with；equip you for life；some new equipment5regret v&n. 遗憾；后悔；惋惜refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒绝 to ones regret 令人遗憾的是feel regretful for.对感到后悔express regret for/at/over sth. 对表示遗憾regre
7、tn./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事regretthatclause 后悔，遗憾regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地说/告诉/通知Its much to be regretted that. 令人遗憾的是即学即练5(1)He regretted _ _ careless.He regretted _ _ _ _ careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)I regret _ _ you that we are unable to offer you employment. 我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。(3)_ _ _ _，
8、 I must leave now.令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。(4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful in your plan. 听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。答案：having been；that he had been；to inform；Much to my regret；with regret6focus n(兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点 v(使)集中，聚集；(使)聚焦be in focus 焦距对准；清晰be out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊bring sth. into focus 把某物集中在焦点上fo
9、cus sth. on (upon) sth.fix.on.使集中于be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on 集中于即学即练6(1)The _ _ my camera isnt working properly.我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。(2)Her beauty makes her _ _ _ _.她长得漂亮，很惹人注意。(3)We should _ _ _ _ our study.我们应该把注意力放在学习上。(4)She felt all the eyes _ _ _ her.她觉得所有人都在注视着她。答案：focus on；the focus of atte
10、ntion；focus our attention on；were focused on7reduce vt. 减少；缩减；简化reduce ones expenditure 减少某人的开支be reduced to despair 陷入绝望reduce to. 降至reduce by. 减少了即学即练7(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _ $1 000.他设法使他们的价格降到1 000美元。(2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third.生产成本下降了1/3。(3)The fire _ the forest _ a fe
11、w trees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。答案：reduce to；been reduced by；reduced to8comment vt.评论 n评论，意见，议论ask for comment 征求意见make comments on sth.评论某事No comment. 无可奉告。Without comment. 不必多说。comment(v.)on/ upon sth.评论，对发表意见comment(v.)thatclause评论即学即练8(1)Have you any _ _ the proposals？你对这些建议有什么意见吗？(2)It created _ _ in th
12、e press.这引起报界广泛的评论。(3)He made some useful _ _ my work.他对我的作品作了一些实用的评论。(4)He _ that it was an excellent film.他评论这部电影很精彩。答案：comments on；wide comment；comments on; commented9thanks to 由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)because of 因为；由于owing to 由于，因之缘故as a result of 作为的结果，由于due to 因为，由于(不能放在句首)on account of 由于
13、；因为即学即练9(1)_ _ Jims warning, we avoided the accident.多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故。(2)I couldnt attend the meeting _ _ illness.我因病不能出席会议。(3)The delay was _ _ power failure.延滞是由于停电。答案：Thanks to；owing to；due to10rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth. 使摆脱be/get rid of 去掉，摆脱；抛弃remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事be free of. 摆脱即学即练10(1)One day we will manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease.总有一天我们有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。(2)You must _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。(3)Well have to _ _ _ him.我们必须摆脱他。(4)How can we _
