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1、Unit 1A1.advice n. 建议，忠告，劝告(1)advice是不可数名词，表示“一条建议”“两条建议”“一些建议”可用：a piece of advice；two piece of advice；some advice(2)advice作名词时的常用搭配：ask sb. for advice征询某人的建议give sb. some advice= give some advice to sb.给某人提出一些建议give advice on sth.在某方面给出建议take (follow) ones advice接受某人的建议e.g. He often gives us some
2、advice.=He often gives some advice to us.他经常给我们一些建议。例题：Your _ is very helpful. I guess Ill take it.A. secret B. advice C. promise D. purpose答案：B 秘密；建议；承诺；目标。由下句“我想我会采纳。”可知“你的建议很有用”。2.Whats the matter?怎么了?(1)该句用来询问对方所遇到的麻烦，或医生及护士询问病人身体情况，常与with连用，后跟sb./sth.，意为“某人或某物怎么了?”e.g.Whats the matter (with you
3、)? (你)怎么了?I lost my pen./I have a cold. 我把我的钢笔弄丢了。/我感冒了。(2)“(你)怎么了?”各种常见表达：Whats the matter (with you)?=Whats the trouble (with you)?=Whats the problem(with you)?=Whats wrong (with you)?=Whats up?=What happened?例题：Nick is not at school. _?He has a cold.A. Whos that B. Whats the matter C. How old is
4、he D. How much is it答案：B 句意：Nick没来上学。怎么回事? 他感冒了。此类句型中，matter，problem前需加定冠词the，trouble前可加the或形容词性物主代词；wrong是形容词，其前不加任何修饰词。此类句型中，what即为句子主语，本身构成陈述语序，故当句子以宾语从句身份出现时，不可将be移至the matter/trouble/problem之后。3.have a stomachache胃疼(1)have +a(n)+名词，表示患某种病e.g. have a cold感冒 have a toothache牙疼have a fever发烧 have
5、a headache头疼拓展：sore与pain也可用于表示疾病的短语e.g. have a sore throat(back/knee)嗓子疼(背疼/膝盖疼)have a pain in the back(foot/knee)背疼(脚疼/膝盖疼)(2)stomachache可数名词，意为“胃疼；腹疼”，是由名词stomach(胃；腹部)加ache(疼痛)构成的复合名词。“身体部位+ache”构成疾病名称headache头疼 toothache牙疼 backache背疼例题：Mom，I _.Im sorry to hear that，dear. We must go to see the de
6、ntist right away.A. have a headache B. have a stomachache C. have a toothache答案：C 由下文“dentist”可知孩子牙疼。4.foot n. 脚foot作为可数名词用，其复数形式是feet。e.g. This kind of animal has four feet.这种动物有四只脚。(1)与foot变复数的变化形式相似的词还有：tooth-teeth牙齿 goose-geese鹅(2)on foot步行，固定短语，相当于walk。e.g. We came here on foot.=We walked here.
7、我们走着来这儿的。5.fever n. 发烧e.g. Tom has a fever.汤姆发烧了。(1)have a fever=have a temperature=run a fever发烧e.g. I had a temperature last night.昨晚我发烧了。例题：Nancy took her temperature and found she had a _.A. cough B. toothache C. cold D. fever答案:D 由上文“南希量了一下体温”可知发现她发烧了。(2)拓展：have a high temperature/fever发高烧6.lie
8、 v. 躺，平躺(1)lie的各种含义：lie v. 躺，位于，平放 lay-lain-lyinge.g. You should lie down.你应该躺下。His school lies in the north of the city.他的学校位于城北。lie v. 说谎 lied-lied-lyinge.g. He often lies.他经常说谎lie n. 谎言 lies(复数)e.g. He often tells lies.他经常说谎。例题：Look，there is a wallet _ on the playground.A. lie B. lying C. lay D.
9、lain答案:B There bedoing sth.为固定句式，lie躺，位于，平放，其现在分词是lying。(2)拓展：lay v. 下蛋，放置e.g. The hens lay a lot of eggs every day.母鸡每天下很多蛋。Please lay the table before dinner.饭前请摆好餐具。7.rest v. & n. 放松；休息(1)rest作及物动词，意为“使休息”，作不及物动词，意为“休息”。e.g. You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.在大量阅读之后，你应该休息一下你的眼睛。Im
10、tired，and I want to rest.我累了，我想休息。(2)rest也可以作名词，have/take a rest=have/take a break，意为“休息一下”。e.g. Students have a rest/break after each lesson.学生们每节课后都休息一下。8.feel v. 摸起来(1)feel常用作系动词，其后跟形容词作表语。其主要用法有：表示某物摸起来给人的感觉，通常要以被摸之物作主语，不可用于进行时态。e.g. Your hand feels cold.你的手摸起来很凉。Silk feels soft and smooth.丝绸摸起来
11、柔软平滑。表示某人的感觉，以人作主语，可用于进行时态。e.g. I feel fine./Im feeling fine.我感觉良好。/我现在感觉良好。(2)归纳：常用的感官动词:feel摸起来，look看起来，sound听起来，taste尝起来，smell闻起来。(3)拓展：feel like +n. 意为“摸起来像”e.g. This wallet feels like leather.这个钱包摸起来像是皮的。例题：This bed _ soft and comfortable.A. sounds B. tastes C. feels D. smells答案：C 句意:这张床摸起来柔软而且
12、舒服。9.without prep. 没有，缺乏(1)without后接名词、代词宾格或v.-ing作宾语，其反义词为with。e.g. We got there without any trouble.我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。Can you finish your homework without him?没有他你能完成你的家庭作业吗?She left the room without saying a word.她一句话没有说就离开了房间。例题：The “teacher-free exam”means that students take their exams _ teach
13、ers. Students must be more honest.A. without B. against C. through D. by答案：A 没有；反对；通过；被。由后句“学生们必须更加诚实”，可知“teacher-free exam”意思是没有老师监考的测试。(2)拓展：without用于否定句，还可以表示条件，意为“如果没有”，相当于if引导的否定条件句。e.g. We couldnt live without air.=We couldnt live if there werent air.如果没有空气，我们就不能活。例题：W_ your help，I couldnt hav
14、e passed the exam.答案:Without 句意：如果没有你的帮助，我不能通过考试。10.hurt v. (使)疼痛；受伤(1)hurt-hurt(过去式)-hurt(过去分词)(2)hurt作及物动词，表示“使疼痛，受伤；使不快”，后接宾语。e.g. You hurt her feelings because you forgot her birthday.你伤了她的感情因为你忘记了她的生日。A boy hurt himself in P.E. class.一个男孩在体育课上伤着自己了。(3)hurt作不及物动词，表示“感到疼痛”。e.g. My feet hurt. 我脚疼。11. when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.，就在此时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。(1)when引导时间状语从句，除常常有“当时”之意外，放在过去进行时构成的主句之后，还以为“就在此时/那时；突然”相当于at this/that time。e.g. He was just getting into the shower when the telephone rang.他正要去沐浴间，这时(突然)电话响了起来。例题：They were playing soccer on the playground _ th
