2011考研强化班写作讲义_完整版.doc

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1、2011考研强化班写作王江涛注:该讲义包括课程中所讲到的全部内容,只需要按照顺序,对照课程使用即可,不需要其他的讲义和教材。希望学员认真学习,做好相应的笔记。第一节一、 考研动向:(一)最新变化:1、硕士分类: 1)学术型研究生:重学术 2)专业学位研究生:重应用2、英语分类: 1)英语一:重学术201 2)英语二:重应用2043、词汇变难:1)基本要求:A. 一词多义,熟词僻义:B. 四大词性:名词、动词、形容词、副词2)最新要求:A. 词义关系:a. 同义词b. 近义词c. 反义词同义替换(词汇+句型)B. 搭配关系:a. 动介搭配:communicate with others,b. 形

2、介搭配:different from c. 形名搭配:extensive/a wide range of knowledge,C.词根词缀:4、小作文变难:Nothing is impossible!A节:题型有两种,每次考试选择其中的一种形式。1)考生根据所给情景写出一篇约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文,包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。0509,10年英语二、2)要求考生根据所提供的汉语文章,用英语写出一篇80100词的文章摘要。3)告示(二)最新大纲:关注三本书:(出版单位:教育部考试中心,出版社:高等教育出版社,出版时间:八月份) 第一本:英语大纲 1、考试说明 2、附录

3、一:参考试题(最新大纲样题) 3、附录二:词汇表 4、附录三: 1)前缀后缀:跨国公司 Multinational,宏观经济学Macroeconomics,微电子Microelectronics,双语的bilingual,免税的duty-free 2)常见国名:葡萄牙Portugal,葡萄牙人Portuguese,荷兰The Netherlands 3)七大洲名:南极洲Antarctica, 大洋洲Oceania 4)常见缩写:c/o=care of由转交,cf.=confer参看,试比较 5 附录四:最新三年真题(08-10年) 第二本书考试分析1) 考试说明2) 六套考题:参考试题,最新五

4、年真题(06-10) 第三本书大纲解析二、 考前冲刺:(一)攻克词汇:1、词汇书:2、软件:新东方背单词(5)3、记忆法:杨鹏17天搞定GRE词汇(二)精研真题:1996-2010共15年1、词汇:没有一个词汇不认识2、选项:没有一个选项不了解3、句子结构:没有一个句子结构不清楚4、英译汉:阅读A节经典文章5、背诵:阅读A节经典文章(三)适当模考:2010年1月(考前务必模考三次)三、 时间分配:1)2:00-2:15 小作文2)2:15-2:50 大作文3)2:50-4:00 阅读A节4)4:00-4:20 阅读B节5)4:20-4:40 阅读C节6)4:40-5:00 完形填空六字真经(1

5、)四、写作学习:考研写作参考资料:王江涛的博客: 背诵:20大必背范文,滚瓜烂熟!脱口而出!多多益善!此处,讲到高分写作的P205,(十二)网络问题语言第一位、结构第二位、内容第三位:1) 语言:两大评分标准(1) 基本正确:及格分(2) 丰富多变(词汇+句型):高分2) 结构:逻辑性(1) 段落结构:总分总A. 主题句:1句,改写提纲B. 描述或论证:2-3句C. 小结:1句(2) 评分标准:A. 关联词:小作文3-5个,大作文5-7个,适可而止B. 同义替换:词汇+句型C. 代词替换:it, that, they3) 内容:论证充分(1) 论点:首段尾句或二段首句以及末段首句(2) 论据:

6、(3) 论证手段:高分作文三大要求:语言精彩、结构严谨、论证充分2、 默写:仔细对比原文,发现写作弱点3、 仿写:提高写作实力!很多题目反复重考:1) 小作文A、 道歉信(05年,08年真题)B、 建议信(07年,08 年,09年真题)2) 大作文考研写作六大必考话题: (1)健康:2考,96、97 (2)两代关系:3考 92、03、05 (3)环境:4考 91、99、00、09小 (4)爱心:3考 95、01、06小 (5)文化:5考 A. 文化交流:02、10 B. 流行文化:93、06、09 (6)青年面对社会:4考 03、04、07、08第二节一、 考研大作文框架结构:(讲义12页)3

7、段,12句左右,160-250词,5-7个关联词,5-7个从句(多多益善)1、Introduction:第一段,3句左右1)图画/表作文:图画/表描述(1)General description:总体描述(人物+动作+环境或数据变化规律),1句(2)Details 1, 2, 3:细节描述(挖掘细节词,串联成句),1句(3)Caption/Symbolic meaning:文字说明或象征寓意,1句2007Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you sh

8、ould 1) describe the drawing briefly, 2) explain its intended meaning, and then 3) support your view with an example/examples. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET II. (20 points) 2005Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first descri

9、be the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET II. (20points)高分作文This picture reveals a not-uncommon phenomenon of how elders are treated by their grown-up children in some of the families in China. When they are too old to take care

10、of themselves, the elders become burdens to be kicked around by their sons and daughters like a football, a pitiful and unjust sight that will arouse indignation among many Chinese. As a nation renowned in the world for many of its virtues, the Chinese people have been practicing filial piety throug

11、hout history. Many much-told stories reiterate this time-honored virtue of loving and respecting the elders, like the story of Ti Ying in the West Hart Dynasty who risked her life in order to save her wronged father from corporal punishment. Those who tried every means to avoid their duty of looking

12、 after their eiders should bear in mind that they are much indebted to their parents for their birth and growth. Without the loving care and unrelenting work of their parents, how could they have grown up healthy and successful? How could it possible for them to go about without the pricks of consci

13、ence?Everyone of us should live up to the virtues passed down to us by our ancestors. Only in this way can we be worthy of the name of a Chinese. 2006Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the photos briefly, 2) interpret the social phenome

14、non reflected by them, 3) give your point of view. You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)图一:把崇拜写在脸上。注:Beckham(贝克汉姆):英国足球明星。图二:花300元做个小贝头高分作文The two photos show that people are enthusiastic about football stars such as the English football player Beckham. Some, like the young man in the photo, express their enthusiasm by writing his name on their faces, while others, like the one in the hair studio, spe

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