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1、期末综合复习题二一. 本周教学内容： 期末综合复习题（二）二. 简单句与复合句： 1. 引导连词that, whether（1）主语从句That he will come is certain.（that不可省略）Whether shes coming or not doesnt matter too much.（不能用if）（2）宾语从句I think（that）hell be all right in a few days.I went in and asked if（=whether）they had a cheap suit.I wonder whether（不能用if）it is t
2、rue or not.（3）表语从句The fact is（that）I have never been there.The question is whether（不能用if）it is worth doing.（4）同位语从句The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us.They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 2. 连接代词that, who / whom / whose / which（1）主语从句Who will help him
3、is not known.What he said is very important.Which side will win is not clear.（2） 作及物动词的宾语。例如：I really dont know what he is doing.Do you know who / whom they are waiting for?He asked whose dictionary it was.He cant tell which method they will use for the experiment. 作介词的宾语。例如：Pay attention to what th
4、e teacher said.I wondered to whom he had given the letter.（3）表语从句That is what he is worried about.The question is who will come here.The question is which team will win the match. 3. 连接副词where, when, why, how（1）主语从句Where she has gone is not known yet.When they will start is not known yet.Why he did
5、it wasnt quite clear.How he became a great scientist is known to us all.（2）宾语从句I dont know where we are going to have the meeting.Please tell me when we shall discuss our work plan.Do you know why he said that?Will you tell me how I can get to the railway station?（3）表语从句That is where he was born.Thi
6、s is why he is late.This is how he did it.The question is when he will be back.（4）同位语从句I have no idea when he will come back.You have no idea how worried I was.The problem is where we can get so much money.三. 名词性从句句法结构不同用法区别： 1. 主语从句（1）主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常用以it作形式主语的句型有： It + be + 形容词（obvious, true, nat
7、ural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.）+ that从句。例如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is probable that he told her everything. It + be +名词词组（no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.）+ that从句。例如：Its a pity that we cant
8、go.Its no surprise that our team should have won the game. It + be + 过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.）+ that从句。例如：It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. It + seem, happe
9、n等不及物动词及短语 + that从句。例如：It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.It happened that I was out that day. It + doesnt matter（makes no difference, etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。例如；It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句
10、中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。例如：Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow?（2）连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever可引导主语从句。例如：Whoever comes will be welcome.Whatever he did was right.Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.（3）宾语从句 如果
11、宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。例如：We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.He has made it clear that he will not give in. 作介词的宾语连词that引导的名词从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。例如：He is a good student except that he is careless.You may depend on it
12、 that they will support you. 某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可省略。有的语法书上把这种从句称为状语从句。例如：I am not sure what I ought to do.Im afraid you dont understand what I said.Im surprised that I didnt see all that before.Mother was very pleased
13、 her daughter had passed the exams. 连词whether（ or not）或if引导的宾语从句。1）if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not 连用，if 则不习惯与or not 连用；宾语从句是否定句时，一般用if引导。例如：I wonder whether（不能用if）it is true or not.I dont care if（不能用whether）it doesnt rain.2）用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用whether。试比较：Please let me know if you wa
14、nt to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.（if从句既可理解为宾语从句，又可理解为条件状语从句。）3）作介词的宾语只能用whether，不能用if 。例如：Everything depends on whether（不能用if）we have enough experience. 介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。例如：Are you sorry for what（不能用which）youve done? 宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时
15、谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。例如：I dont think you are right.I dont believe they have finished their work yet.I dont suppose he cares, does he?He doesnt expect we need worry. suggest, order, demand等动词后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。（可参阅虚拟语气的有关内容） 连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever可引导宾语从句。例如：Ill show you whatever you want to see.You may choose whoever you like.Ill take whichever fits the sockets（插座）. 2. 表语从句（1）连词as if（好像，仿佛）引导表语从句（if不能引导表语从句。）能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。例如：It looked as if it was going to rain.（2）连词b
